W9L1 Lecture Notes PDF
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Uploaded by FelicitousKazoo7765
University of Sydney
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Summary
These lecture notes cover general learning principles, focusing on the goals of learning research, factors influencing conditioning, and the distinction between learning and performance. They also discuss simpler forms of learning such as habituation and sensitization.
Full Transcript
### 23/9 W9 Lecture ### General Learning Principles - Goals of learning research: - Identify principles that are general to many solutions - Help predict/modify behavior - Identify factors impacting the strength, speed, and efficacy of learning? ### Today's Topic - What affects conditionin...
### 23/9 W9 Lecture ### General Learning Principles - Goals of learning research: - Identify principles that are general to many solutions - Help predict/modify behavior - Identify factors impacting the strength, speed, and efficacy of learning? ### Today's Topic - What affects conditioning? - Frequency: # of event pairings - Intensity: - The salience of the US/Reinforcer - The salience of the CS/Pavlovian cue - Contiguity (timing): How far apart the events occur - Contingency: Statistical relationship between events - Need 2 pieces of information: - Probability of the US given CS - Probability of the US occurring anyway ### Learning - An enduring change with an organism brought about by an experience that leads to a change in behavior. - Enduring changes are relatively stable experiences: previous trials, practice, observation ### Learning ≠ Performance - Learning often reflected by a change in behavior. - Not all changes in behavior are examples of learning. - No behavior/performance does not always reflect learning. ### Performance Depends On: - Learning - Motivation - Opportunity - Sensory/motor capabilities ### Learning Is Not: - Reflexes (innate behavior) - Instincts (also genetic but more complex) - Maturation (changes in your body from growth, like learning to walk) - Fatigue (transiency of discomfort and loss of efficiency) ### Simplest Forms of Learning - Habituation - Decrease in behavior/responding produced by repeated stimuli - Not: fatigue or sensory adaptation - Sensitization - Increased responding produced by repeated stimulation - Decrease in threshold required to elicit response - Habituation helps us to avoid wasting energy on safe stimuli. - Sensitization helps us to avoid harmful stimuli.
