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# Analysis of "Hap" by Thomas Hardy (1866) **Structure and Themes:** * **Argumentative structure:** The poem utilizes allusions, metonymy, and personification. * **Allusions:** The poem alludes to the God's statement "your suffering is my joy." * **Metonymy:** Metonymy for divinity is "powe...

# Analysis of "Hap" by Thomas Hardy (1866) **Structure and Themes:** * **Argumentative structure:** The poem utilizes allusions, metonymy, and personification. * **Allusions:** The poem alludes to the God's statement "your suffering is my joy." * **Metonymy:** Metonymy for divinity is "powerfuller than I." * **Personification:** Hope is likened to a flower; death's trap is personified. * **Abstraction of Life:** Life is abstracted as Cross Casualty, a metaphor for chance and faith. * **Mythical Allusions:** Purblind Doomsters (three sisters, half-blind judges) are a mythical allusion representing fate. * **Faith, Chance, Destiny, Time:** These are the forces that govern life. * **Tone and Form:** The poem is a pilgrimage filled with pain, written in sonnet form with a dark tone. **Analysis of "Ah, Are You Digging on My Grove"** * **Dominant Themes:** The poem is focused on death and is a dialogue between sadness and life. * **Symbolism:** "Rues" symbolizes sorrow; death is personified as a trap. * **Realism and Naturalism:** The poem shows bitter realism and naturalism in its description of death. * **Poetic Structure:** Concrete language is used in the poem's structure. **World War I Poetry** **Types of Poetry:** * **Pre-War Period:** Poets idealize and romanticize war. They talk about its necessity. * **During the War (Soldier Poets):** Soldier poets write from the battlefield and report their experiences. * **Post-War Period:** Poets offer diverse perspectives on the war. **Attitudes within War Poetry:** * **Pro-War Poetry:** This poetry supports the war effort. * **Anti-War Poetry:** This poetry criticizes the war (trench poets). * **Overall Idea:** War poems depict people dying for their nation, people, or country.