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# Qualitative Chemistry ## Limitations of Rutherford's Model There are some defects in the Rutherford's atom model: * **Rutherford atom model is based on the similarity of the solar system**. But the planets in the solar system is electrically neutral and only the gravitational force exists among...

# Qualitative Chemistry ## Limitations of Rutherford's Model There are some defects in the Rutherford's atom model: * **Rutherford atom model is based on the similarity of the solar system**. But the planets in the solar system is electrically neutral and only the gravitational force exists among them. But the electrons, which move around the nucleus are negatively charged, so they repel each other. * According to Maxwell theory the moving charge electrons are supposed to emit energy continuously. By losing energy in this way the electrons will move in a spiral way and fall to the nucleus (Fig-2.4) As a result Rutherford's atom model becomes meaningless or does not exist. * As the radiation is continuous, the spectrum of the atom should have continuous lines, which should look like a wide band. But these lines are discontinuous and very bright. * Rutherford did not give any idea about the shape and size of the orbits in which electrons move around the nucleus. * This model does not mention how electrons will move around the nucleus of an atom having a large number of electrons. ## Bohr's Atom Model Due to limitations of Rutherford's atom model, in 1913 Niels Bohr put forward his own atom model concerning the structure of the atom. This model is known as **Bohr's atom model**. This model is based upon the Max Planck's recently developed quantum theory of radiation. According to this theory, any matter can absorb or emit energy or its integral multiplets like separate packets of energy, which is called "a quantum". This quantum energy