Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) PDF

‫ سبتمبــــــــر للـــعــــلوم الطـــــبية‬21 ‫جـــــامعــة‬ 21 September University For Medical Sciences Equipment of respiratory Care 2ed year respiratory therapist student Dr:MOHAMMED-SENAN BS, RCP, FNIV , MsRC 31-Dec-24 DrMo...

‫ سبتمبــــــــر للـــعــــلوم الطـــــبية‬21 ‫جـــــامعــة‬ 21 September University For Medical Sciences Equipment of respiratory Care 2ed year respiratory therapist student Dr:MOHAMMED-SENAN BS, RCP, FNIV , MsRC 31-Dec-24 DrMohammmed Senana 1  Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) content Introduction to MGPS and its Components What Is Central Medical Gas Distribution System Advantages Of Centralized Medical Ga Delivery System Types Of Medical Gases December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 2 What Is Central Medical Gas Distribution System? Medical Gas Distribution System is a central supply system to supply a medical gas (O2, N2O, N2), medical air, and medical vacuum to each ward of hospital safely and conveniently through a central supply piping from medical gas supply sources. The system has a thoroughgoing color coordination according to the kind of gas. An audio-visual monitoring system capable of checking the situation. December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 3 Supply system December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 4 Piping system ❑ A central supply ❑ Piping extending to location where gas supply is required ❑ Terminal point December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 55  Continuous system Alternating system December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 6 Advantages Of Centralized Medical GasDelivery System No distressing sign of oxygen cylinder at bed side. Elimination of noise produced be their movement. Protection of sterile areas from contamination caused by use and movement of cylinder. Uninterrupted and clean gas supply at each workstation. Safe And Relief System Effective use of space. Additionally, it is economically advantageous and hygienic. December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 7 Types Of Medical Gases Oxygen- used for respiratory therapy and life- support and is additionally used in anesthetic procedures. Medical air-This is supplied by a specialized air compressor to patient care areas. Used extensively in the ICU, PICU, and NICU areas, to reduce the risk of excess oxygen in the lungs, during surgical procedures. Surgical air is used, at a higher pressure, to power a variety of surgical tools and other devices. Nitrous oxide is used for anesthetic and analgesic purposes. Types Of Medical Gases Helium/oxygen mixture is used to treat patients with respiratory or airway obstruction. Carbon dioxide in used in the medical world to aid laparoscopic examination. The carbon dioxide inflates the stomach slightly which simplifies internal visibility inside the abdomen. Piped vacuum or Suction is provided by means of centrally sited vacuum pumps & supports evacuation procedures. Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) Manifold control panel (analog) Manifold control panel (digital) Manifold room Manifold alarm system (analog)  Fundamental Principles Standards Designed as per IS 7396, to withstand the pressure at every different section of the oxygen piping system Color Oxygen pipeline is painted either in white or painted in Green with white colored patches throughout the pipeline Pressure Near the LMO plant : >15 bars Wards and zones : > 5 - 7 bars General delivery : 4-5 bars December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 11  Fundamental Principles Working Oxygen pipeline system should gradually taper If the pressure requirement at the delivery point is higher than the outlet pressure of the oxygen source, then pipe diameter should gradually decrease. Increment and decrement in MGPS pipe diameter is done according to the pressure regulation and pressure drop compensation. Construction Divided the pipeline system into different zones Have pressure gauges to show pressure in the zones Have a master alarm and zonal alarms if there is a drop in pressure December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 12 Components of MGPS December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 13  Components of MGPS Pressure Regulatory Valve Non-return Valve (NRV) (PRV) Pressure Gauge Master Control Alarm The components should be in accordance with the IS 7396, as quality of these components are very vital in ensuring that oxygen pipeline system is able to meet the expectations December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 14  Sources Sources are supplies that produce the flow of medical gases through piping networks. The four main sources for medical gases are:  Valves The 2 type of valves are: Area valve service unit Zone valves Service valves Zone valves are used to isolate large parts of the system i.e. rooms for modification and/ or repair Zone valves are placed on corridor walls and should be labelled to indicate the rooms they control Service valves used to isolate certain part of the system for modification and/ or repair. They are accessible by the clinical staff. Area valve service units (AVSUs) are placed in clinical sector to cut off the gas delivery to the area beyond it during maintenance or to handle emergency Area alarm panel (AAP) display the line pressures and have audiovisual alerts. December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC Area alarm panel 16 MAIN SHUT OFF VALV 22 Warning And Alarming Systems The 2 main alarm systems are Master alarm Area alarm Master alarm monitors the main gas lines and sources conditions Area alarms are found on alarm panels and their function is to monitor the condition of specific critical care area 19  ALARM SYSTEM 20 MAIN ALARM PANEL AREA ALARM PANEL 21  Outlets And Inlets Diamond Outlets are points to which connection can be made to the medical gas piping system to supply gases under pressure, while inlets are to supply vacuum The final delivery points are color coded, Chemetron incorporating either the diameter index safety system or are of the quick connect type available in two varieties: Diamond. Chemetron  Secondary Equipment Hoses, gas flow meters, gauge and vacuum regulator can contribute substantially to gas and vacuum consumption Check them as a part of routine inspection procedures Session: Pipeline Distribution System, Safety, And Handling  Main Lines Riser Lines Lateral Branch Lines Lateral Lines PIPED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM Main lines pipe connecting the source to riser or branches lines or both Risers vertical pipe line connecting the main lines with branch lines at various levels Branch line that service a room or rooms Pipes are made of copper Oxygen pipe lines have ½ inch outer diameter. 32 Layout Diagram Of MGPS  Pipeline Distribution System Design Number of stations: Outlet/ inlets are often called “stations” for each specific gas type. It is estimated by the medical planner, or the architect based on the requirement of the facility. Flow rates: The flow rate and diversity factors vary for individual stations depending on requirement (the total number of terminal units and the type of provided care). Pressure range is usually kept in between 4 bar to 4.2 bar. Medical gas outlet/ inlet terminals: Various types of it are provided from different manufacturers. The terminals are available in various gas sequence center-line spacing, and concealed mounting Cylinder manifolds A manifold is a pipe with several openings, in this case connected to cylinders supplying pipeline oxygen, nitrous oxide or Entonox. Manifolds 36 Pipeline Testing Color Coding For Gas Pipelines Color Coding For Gases In MGPS The international standard for the color coding of gas pipeline is ISO 32: 1977 Gas pipelines for medical use – Marking for identification of content. According to the ISO standard, oxygen should be labelled as white. The figure shows differences in gas pipeline color coding between ISO and US standards. 34  COLOR PIPES 35 36  Usage of Medical Gases The functional areas of the proposed building Medical gas shall be required is as follows: where in, the Operation Theatre O2, N2O, CA, MA, Vac Cath Labs O2, CA, Vac Intensive Care Beds O2, CA, Vac Recovery Beds O2, CA, Vac General Beds O2, CA, Vac  TERMINAL UNIT 38  TERMINAL UNIT 39  Types of terminal unit Wall mounted Ceiling mounted 40  QUICK CONNECTOR Allows apparatuses to be connected or disconnected by a single action Each quick connector consist of a pair of gas specific male and female part A releasable spring mechanism locks the components together Hoses connection between terminal units and the ventilator or anaesthesia machine color coded and have the name and chemical symbol of the gas 41 WALL TYPE OUTLET SPECIAL TYPE OUTLET CPS TYPE OUTLET NSV TYPE OUTLET 42 REEL TYPE CEILING TYPE MOTOR DRIVEN OUTLET OUTLET CEILING COLUMN CEILING MODULE 43 Safety and Handling of MGPS Precautions with MGPS December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 44 December 24 DR:Mohammed Senan MsRC 45  Fire Safety Fire detection system such as smoke or heat detector heads should be installed in the plantrooms, medical gases manifold rooms and medical gases cylinder stores in hospital An automatic shutdown system, linked to local smoke detector can be installed An automatic emergency supply manifold system is sited well away from the fire risk area and is arranged to come on-line automatically in the event of plant shutdown  Precaution Handling MGPS Formulating SOPs and maintaining logbooks Preventive maintenance of equipment Leak test of pipeline should be ensured on quarterly basis 24 hrs manning by trainer personnel Periodic training of manifold personnel Daily checking of contingency plan Mock drills of pipeline failure, fire and explosion should be regularly conducted Managing pressure of different sources so as to manage cumulative flow Ensuring if all sources are contributing in a cumulative manner or any source is failing to supply oxygen due to pressure difference PROBLEMS WITH THE PIPING SYSTEM Inadequate pressure Causes damage of any part, compressor failure, leaks, closure off shut off valve ,obstruction, kinking of hose etc. Leaks May hazardous if oxidizing gases are allowed accumulate in a closed room High pressure Causes most commonly failure of regulator, ice formation Alarm problems Failure, absence or disconnection False alarm. Contamination of gases can be serious problem when a new pipeline is opened 63 64 50  Have a great day 51