Gas Supply Operations Quiz

Equipment of Respiratory Care

• A 2nd year respiratory therapist student, Dr. Mohammed-Senan, with qualifications BS, RCP, FNIV, MSRC, is studying equipment of respiratory care at 21 September University for Medical Sciences.

Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)

• The document details the content, components, and advantages of the Centralized Medical Gas Distribution System (MGPS) in hospitals.
• It introduces MGPS and its components.
• It explains what a Central Medical Gas Distribution System is.
• It provides details of the advantages of a Centralized Medical Gas Delivery System.
• Included are different types of medical gases, their use, and considerations during medical procedures.

Central Medical Gas Distribution System

• MGPS is a central system to supply oxygen (O2), nitrous oxide (N2O), nitrogen (N2), medical air, and medical vacuum safely to different wards in a hospital.
• The system has a color-coded piping system.
• An audio-visual monitoring system is also part of the system to check the situation.

Supply Systems

• Supply systems for medical gases can consist of cylinders (containing gaseous oxygen) or liquefied reservoirs.
• These systems are categorized into continuous and alternating types.

Piping Systems

• Components of a piping system include a central supply, piping extending to where the gas supply is required, and a terminal point.
• Piping systems deliver gas from a central source.

Types Of Systems

• Continuous system: A main, refillable supply reservoir provides gas to the piping system.
• Alternating system: Two sources supply gas to the piping system.

Advantages of Centralized Medical Gas Delivery System

• Eliminates the need for oxygen cylinders at the bedside.
• Reduces noise from moving cylinders.
• Protects sterile areas from contamination.
• Ensures an uninterrupted and clean gas supply at each location.
• Efficient use of space.
• Economically advantageous and hygienic.

Types Of Medical Gases

• Oxygen is used for respiratory therapy and life support, and also in anesthetic procedures.
• Medical air is supplied by a specialized compressor for patient care areas, mainly to reduce excessive oxygen.
• Surgical air, at a higher pressure, powers tools and devices in procedures.
• Nitrous oxide is used for anesthetic and analgesic purposes.
• A mixture of helium and oxygen is used to help treat patients with respiratory or airway obstruction.
• Carbon dioxide is used in laparoscopic procedures to aid in the examination by slightly inflating the stomach for better visibility.
• A vacuum system is also provided for evacuation procedures.

Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)

•  Shows various elements of the system including manifolds, control panels and alarm systems.
•  Components vary (analog or digital).

Standards and Fundamental Principles

• The system is designed per international standards (IS 7396) to handle pressure.
• Oxygen pipelines are typically painted either white or green with white markings.
• Pressure varies by location (plant, wards, etc).
• Oxygen pipeline systems gradually taper to adjust pressure appropriately.
• Piping systems are segmented into zones for easier monitoring.

Components of MGPS

• Includes pressure regulatory valves, non-return valves, pressure gauges, alarm systems, etc.

Sources

•  Bulk systems: These use special vessels, vaporizers, and regulators to supply oxygen, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide, usually to large hospitals.
•  Manifold Systems: High-pressure cylinders are used, with backup cylinders, and control panels, pressure regulators and lights.
•  Medical Air Treatment Systems: Employ multiple compressors, receivers, and regulators to supply air.
•  Vacuum pumps create a negative pressure in piping systems.

Valves

• Zone and service valves are used to isolate parts of the system for maintenance/modification.
• Area valve service units are placed strategically for gas shut-offs during maintenance without affecting other areas.
• Area alarm panels provide status and pressures information.

Warning and Alarming Systems

•  Main and area alarms identify issues, with master monitors tracking main lines and source conditions, and area alarms monitoring specific critical care areas.

Monitoring Systems

•  Various monitoring systems capture information about the supply source amounts, manifold operating conditions and provide pressure readings for each area, allowing quick identification of issues.

Alarm System

• Monitors the supply of medical gases, ensuring safe and stable flow.

Outlets and Inlets

• Outlets, where gas is connected, and inlets, where vacuum is connected, have color-coded terminals.
•  Two common types: Diamond and Chemetron.

Secondary Equipment

• Hoses, gas flow meters, gauges and vacuum regulators can contribute to gas use.
• Check them during routine inspections.

Pipeline Distribution System Design

• Number of stations depends on the medical facility's needs.
• Flow rates vary by individual stations based on their needs and the care they provide.
• Medical gas outlets and inlets come in varying designs and locations.

Cylinder Manifolds

• A manifold is a pipeline with multiple openings for connecting to cylinders/tanks providing gases.

Manifolds

•  Medical gas manifolds are installed to centralize gas supply. Examples include Oxygen.

Pipeline Testing

• Procedures for testing the system, including blowdown, initial/standing pressure tests, purging, and cross-connection tests, are described.

Color Coding for Gas Pipelines

• The color-coding systems for piping for medical gas pipelines according to ISO standards and US conventions and their uses.

Usage of Medical Gases

• Gases required and for what medical areas of a hospital facility.

Terminal Unit

• Design specifics to prevent cross-connections between gas types.
• Identifies different types with their applications.
• A pin-guide system is utilized to avoid cross-connections.
•  Uses and availability of different terminal units.

Quick Connector

• Allows for easy connections and disconnections.
• Each has male and female parts with a spring mechanism.
• Hoses color-coded for identification.

Wall/ Special Outlets

• Different types of terminal units (Wall/ Ceiling) are described with their uses.

Safety and Handling of MGPS

•  Safety procedures, including training and procedures, for handling and installation are outlined.

Safety Principles

• Importance of correct fittings, adherence to standards, maintaining compliance and proper procedures.

Fire Safety

•  Fire safety procedures for hospital facilities, such as fire detection and shutdown systems, linked to local smoke detectors and emergency manifolds.

Precaution Handling of MGPS

•  Procedures for safety, including formulating Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), preventive maintenance, leak tests, and personnel training.
• Discusses handling procedures of pipelines for various types of failure, fire/explosion, and pressure management.

Problems with the Piping System

• Issues such as low/high pressure, leaks, and gas contamination can be issues.
• Solutions to problems are discussed with respect to pipeline.

Medical Gas Piping System

• Schematic diagrams and layouts showing the placement of components of the MGPS.

This quiz covers key concepts related to gas supply operations, including the functions of movement management systems, zone valves, and isolation valves. Test your knowledge on the responsibilities in medical planning and factors influencing flow rates in gas supply systems.