21st Century Literature Review Notes PDF

Republic of the Philippines 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM Department of Education THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO SECOND SEMESTER M...

Republic of the Philippines 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM Department of Education THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO SECOND SEMESTER MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL BANGAC-TALIBONG GRANDE, MINA, ILOILO 3rd QUARTER REVIEW NOTES The Literary Forms in Philippine another. These local songs are considered part of Literature the rich culture of the Filipinos. It may be in the form of courtship song or harana, harvest songs, (Pre-Colonial Period) war songs, lullabies and the likes. Literature is a record of what people have Tales experienced, seen, thought, and felt about life. It's an expression of life through language and should These are creative stories that generally be studied systematically. talk about how one thing came to be. It speaks of ~William Henry Hudson the origin of a particular thing. These are also called as myths and legends. Aristotle views literature as an imitation (mimesis) of life, where the writer imitates the Example: world, human actions, and emotions through the Legend of Montogawe medium of language. Epics Literature’s primary function is to evoke catharsis, or emotional cleansing, through the These are long-narrative poems about the emotions of pity and fear. heroic deeds, adventures, and even misfortunes of ~Aristotle a hero. The hero in the story is characterized as brave and courageous and is well-represented with It is a written picture of life. It makes us good values. embrace our origin, culture and tradition and even makes us realize what is it to be human. Example: The Odyssey by Homer Studying literature helps us understand people, events and society. The Literary Forms in Philippine Literature Pre-Colonial Literature (Spanish-Colonial Period) (Early Times – 1564) There was a great change on the form of Proverbs literature during the Spanish regime. It was focused on Christianity and religion. These are simple and traditional sayings that give us nuggets of wisdom. It delivers significant truths The friars as church head authorities have about life in a form of little entertainment. In spread the doctrines of the church trying to relate Filipino, these are called salawikain. them to native. Spanish language also became the literary language during this time. Example: People who live in glass houses should not Cenaculo throw stones. It is a play depicting the life and sufferings Riddles of Jesus Christ. Cenaculo is a Spanish term which means “cenacle” the place where Jesus Christ These are playful statements or questions celebrated the Last Supper with His disciples. having an obscure meaning intended to be answered or solved. The statement may sound like Pasyon humorous but it has a deeper meaning. In Filipino, these are called bugtong. It is a narrative poem about the life of Jesus Christ which is usually sung during Lenten Example: season. Hinila ko ang tadyang, lumapad ang tiyan. Folksongs Awit These are traditional songs of our ancestors that have been passed down from one generation to  Republic of the Philippines 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM Department of Education THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO SECOND SEMESTER MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL BANGAC-TALIBONG GRANDE, MINA, ILOILO 3rd QUARTER REVIEW NOTES It is a form of Filipino poetry about a hero, influenced by the ideas of nationalism, liberalism, that is a bit closer to a narrative. and social reform. His works challenged the Spanish colonial government and the Catholic It follow a 12-syllable quatrains. Church, advocating for the rights and freedoms of Filipinos. Zarzuela Francisco Balagtas It is a form of musical comedy that is usually comic and presents sarcastic look at He was born in Bigaa, Bulacan, and is best society. known for his literary piece, Florante at Laura, a narrative poem that became one of the Corrido cornerstones of Filipino literary tradition. Balagtas wrote during the Spanish colonial period, and his It is a narrative song which is often about works are seen as a blend of traditional Filipino oppression, history and other topics about society. folk narratives and European literary styles. Moro-moro Nick Joaquin Also known as Comedia de Capa y Espada He was born in Manila and became one of It is a blood-and-thunder melodrama the leading figures in Philippine literature, writing depicting the conflict of Christians and Muslims. It primarily in English. His works cover a wide range is usually about battles to the death and the of themes, including Philippine history, identity, proofs of faith. and the intricacies of Filipino culture. Joaquin was awarded the National Artist of Literature in 1976. Carillo Lualhati Bautista It is a play using shadows to project the animated figures made from cardboards. She is one of the most prominent contemporary Filipino writers, best known for her It is performed on moonless nights during works that address social issues such as gender, town fiestas or on dark nights after a harvest. class, and the struggles of women. Her writings primarily focus on the lives of ordinary Filipinos, Tibag particularly women, and explore their roles in Filipino society. Bautista is recognized for her It is a drama that reenacts the search of St. social realist approach in writing. Helena for the Holy Cross. St. Helena is the mother of Constantine the Great, who was recognized in Virgilio S. Almario her discovery of the Cross and the Tomb of Jesus Christ in Golgotha. He is a prominent Filipino writer, poet, and literary critic, and one of the leading figures in Duplo or Karagatan Filipino literature, particularly in the literatura ng makabayang Pilipino (patriotic Filipino literature). It is a drama that is connected to mourning He has contributed greatly to the development of rituals of the Catholics and harvest celebrations. the Filipino language, both as a writer and a linguist. Almario is also a National Artist for Literature, awarded in 2003. Representative Texts and Authors from Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzales Different Regions He was a Filipino writer, poet, essayist, and Jose P. Rizal teacher from Romblon. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest Filipino writers in English. He was born in Calamba, Laguna. He was a Gonzales was a National Artist for Literature in polymath—an intellectual who excelled in multiple 1997 and is remembered for his mastery in fields, including medicine, law, and the arts. He capturing the Filipino experience in his works. studied abroad in Europe and became deeply  Republic of the Philippines 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM Department of Education THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO SECOND SEMESTER MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL BANGAC-TALIBONG GRANDE, MINA, ILOILO 3rd QUARTER REVIEW NOTES Maximo D. Ramos Santiago B. Villafania He was a Filipino author, folklorist, and He is a Filipino poet and short story writer academician born in Cebu. He was known for his from Mindanao, known for his works in both contributions to the study and preservation of Filipino and English. He is celebrated for his Filipino folklore and regional literature. Ramos contributions to Mindanao literature and his focus also served as a professor of literature and played on regional themes. a vital role in promoting the use of the Filipino language. Norma L. R. Rojas Felipe Landa Jocano She is a writer, educator, and journalist from Mindanao. She is known for her short stories He is an Ilonggo educator and an author and essays that focus on the lives of ordinary from Cabatuan, known for his significant body of people in Mindanao, especially during times of work in the field of Philippine cultural social and political upheaval. anthropology for documenting and translating the famous Western Visayan folk epic, “Hinilawod.” He was tagged as “the country’s first and foremost cultural anthropologist” and a proponent of the Core Population Theory of peopling of Southeast Asia. Leoncio P. Deriada He is known as the “Father of Contemporary West Visayan Literature,” an Ilonggo multilingual writer, multi-awarded novelist, playwright, and poet whose works became a Palanca Hall of Fame in 2001 after winning 15 prizes, five of which are first prizes in various categories. Peter Solis Nery He is a multi-award-winning Filipino poet, fictionist, and playwright from Dumangas, Iloilo. His poetry and short stories made him the Hall of Fame awardee of Palanca Awards in 2012. His screenplays have also won the Philippine Centennial Literary Prize, 2001 Cinemanila International Film Festival and other national film competitions. John Iremil E. Teodoro He is a multi-lingual writer, university professor and freelance journalist from Antique who pioneered the Philippine gay literature. He is a multi-awarded poet and playwright author of Kiniray-a literary works, and a five-time awardee of the Palanca Awards.