21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer PDF

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 ○ Cansiones Para...

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 ○ Cansiones Para Abbiong - Ibanag PHILIPPINE LITERARY FORMS ○ Tagay (drinking songs) - Cebuano and Waray ○ Dirges & lamentations extolling the deeds of the dead like kanogon (Cebuano) or the annako Literature (Bontoc) from the Latin word literatum which means writing. Lullabies: refers to works of the creative imagination, deep emotion, ○ Ili-Ili - Ilonggo's love songs, just like panawagan and passion which inspires thinking. and Balitao (Ilonggo) history is an important part of literature. ○ Harana - Serenade for cebuano readers can depict history and memory from the works of ○ Bayok - Maranao contemporary writers. ○ Ambahan of the Mangyans- Seven syllable per line poem Pre-colonial Period ○ Kalusan - Ivatan the inhabitants showcased the culture of Filipinos through ○ Soliranin - Tagalog rowing song oral performances of folk songs, folk narratives, and folk ○ Mambayu - Kalinga rice pounding song and speeches were a reflection of their early life. ○ Duplo - Verbal Jousts/ games they used a system of writing called baybayin, that Folk narratives: consists of 3 vowels, and 14 consonants. ○ Folktale they made a strong connection with China, Japan, ○ Fables Malaysia, and Arabian through trading. ○ Myth Folk speeches: ○ Tigmo - Cebuano Spanish Colonial Times ○ Bugtong - Tagalog The Spaniards replaced BAYBAYIN into Roman Alphabet. ○ Burbutia - Ilocano Oral traditions such as epics, proverbs, riddles, and songs ○ Paktakon - Ilonggo were collected and translated to Tagalog and other ○ Patototdon - Bicol dialects where colonial power is inaccessible. Songs or awit: Conversion of Filipinos to Christianity was a great ○ Uyayi or Hele - Lullaby for putting a child to influence on the lives of the people and religious themes sleep dominated our literature. ○ Soliranin - A song for travellers Literary works were imitative of Spanish themes, forms, ○ Kumintang - A war song and traditions. ○ Maluway - Collective behavior Spanish words were also lent in our language when the ○ Kundiman - Melancholic love song Spanish language became the literary one. ○ Panambitan - A courtship song Theater: ○ Pamanhikan - A song of would-be bridegroom ○ Komedya or MORO-MORO ○ Subli - Dance ritual song of courtship and ○ Senakulo marriage ○ Sarswela ○ Dallot & duayya - Ilocano love songs Religious Lyrics: ○ Dung-aw - Wake or dirge song ○ Dalit ○ Bagbato - Song ritual for harvest from Mt. ○ Novenas Province ○ Catechisms Tagalog proverbs: Religious Poetry: ○ Salawikain or Sawikain ○ Pasyon - Dialogo ○ Sarsarita in Iloko ○ Ang Mahal na Passion ni Jesu Christong Tanaga: Panginoon natin na tola - by Graspar Aquino de ○ Basahanon - Extended dialectic sayings from Belen bukidnon Daraida ○ Manuel de Urbanidad - Conduct book ○ Daragilon from Panay ○ Ejemplo - Exemplum Folk songs: ○ Tratado - Tratado ○ Ida - ida (children’s song) - Maguindanao ○ Pagsusulatan ng Dalawang binibini na si Urbana ○ Tulang Pambata - Tagalog at si Feliza 21STCLPW 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 1  21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 ○ Ang bagong robinson ○ “Wanted Chaperone” and “Forsaken House” by Secular Poetry: Wilfredo Maria Guerrero ○ Korido "Ibong Adarna" Newspapers: ○ Awit "Florante at Laura" in tagalog ○ “El Nuevo Dia” (The News Daily) established by Secular Lyrics: Sergio Osmena ○ Ang manok kong Bulik - Jose Corazon De Jesus ○ “El Grito Del Pueblo” (The Call of Nation) Novels: established by Pascual Poblete ○ Noli Me Tangere ○ “El Renacimiento” (The Rebirth) established by ○ El Filibusterismo Rafael Palma American Colonial Times Japanese Colonial Period The introduction of free public education for children of 3 types of poems emerged during this period. school age was introduced. ○ Haiku - a poem of free verse that the Japanese Usage of English as a medium of instruction in all levels of like. It was made up of 17 syllables divided into education in public schools was implemented. three lines New forms of literature such as free verse in poetry, ○ Tanaga - like the Haiku, it is short with measure critical essay, and modern short story were discovered and rhyme during this era. ○ Karaniwang Anyo - also called Usual Form Philippine literature prospered in English at the same time Filipino literary writers were faced with the Post-War and Contemporary introduction of New Aesthetics but "indirectly Literary awards emerged such as the Don Carlos Palanca engendered a disparaging attitude" towards vernacular Memorial Awards for Literature, the Philippines Free writing and sometimes sacrificing their social Press, Philippine Graphic, Home Life, and Panorama consciousness. literary awards to recognize the works of the Filipino Free verse/Modernist Poetry: writers. ○ Ako ang daigdig of Alejandro G. Abadilla The usual themes of contemporary writers in the 21st Short story century are identity, history, memory, and technology. ○ Dead stars by Paz Marques Benitez Different approaches are employed by the writers in Zarzwela exploring different themes such as love, sex, family, and ○ “Tanikalang Ginto,” of Juan Abad religion. With easier access to technology, writers become ○ “Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas” of Aurelio Tolentino socially aware and use digital platforms in expressing ○ “Malaya” of Thomas Remigio themselves in this age of technology. ○ “Hinde Ako Patay,” by Juan Abad, Aurelio Philippine literature continued to flourish through the use Tolentino, Juan Matapang Cruz, and Juan of various languages particularly with the rise of the new Crisostomo Sotto publication after the Martial Law years. Novels in Tagalog There was a rebirth of devoted literature in the 1960s and ○ Published in Liwayway, Bannawag, and Bisaya. 1970s wherein writers continued to write poetry, short ○ Iloko, Hiligaynon, & Sugbuanon stories, novels, and essays Novels ○ “Bulalakaw ng Pag-asa” by Ishmael Amado NATIONAL ARTISTS ○ “Nena at Neneng” by Valeriano Hernadez ○ “Pinaglahuan” by Faustino Aguilar ○ “Banaag at Sikat” by Lope K. Santos Nicomedes "Nick Marquez Joaquin" (May 4, 1917 - April 29, Balagtasan 2004) ○ Bukanegan in Ilocos ○ Crissottan in Pampanga Also known as "Quijano de Manila" Essay in English The fifth of the ten children, son of Don leocado and ○ “I am a Filipino” by Carlos P. Romulo Salome. Lived in Manila with his family. Tagalog Fiction: High school dropout but a voracious reader. ○ Dali or Pasingaw Proof reader at Philippine Free Press. One-Act Play: A playwright, novelist, and journalist. 21STCLPW 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 2  21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 Speaker at cultural events during Marcos regime University of the Philippines: Graduated in - Philosophy, Editor of Philippine Graphic magazine but later went to medical school Publisher of Mirror Weekly Writer, poet, essayist, critic, journalist, and teacher Writer of the Philippine Inquirer and Isyu. Famous Works: Famous works: ○ The Flowers of May ○ Prose and poems ○ Selected Stories (1963) ○ Three Generations ○ Poetry and Politics: The State of Original Writing ○ May day Eve - in English in the Philippines Today (1979) ○ After the Picnic ○ The Francisco Arcellana Sampler (1991) ○ The legend of the dying wanton Modern Filipino short story in English ○ The legend of the virgin jewel Short story as a lyrical prose-poetic form within Filipino Contributed to the Philippine Literature in English literature Reported in literary Journalistic style known as "New Nontraditional forms and themes in Philippine literature Journalism". Notable awards: Mrs Marcos cited having "opened a new vision of filipino ○ Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards in Literature life" (1976) Notable awards: Rolando S. Tinio (March 5, 1937 – July 7, 1997) ○ Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards in literature Born in: Gagalangin, Tondo, Manila, Son of Dominador Carlos Peña Romulo (Jan 14, 1898 – Dec 15, 1985) Tinio and Marciana Santos, Married to Ella Luansing, a theater and film actress, with two children Born in Camiling, Tarlac, Third of six children and Son of: Graduated Philosophy: University of Santo Tomas Gregorio, a Filipino guerilla soldier, and Maria M.F.A. degree in Creative Writing: Poetry: University of Bachelor’s Degree: University of the Philippines Iowa Master of Arts: Columbia University Filipino writer, poet, essayist, critic, director, actor, and Professor of English: University of the Philippines teacher Secretary of the President of the Senate of the - Famous Works: Philippines: Manuel L. Quezon ○ "Sitsit sa Kuliglig" (Whistling at Cicadas) or Publisher and Editor of: The Philippines Herald (Shusshing Cicadas) Eighth President: of the Philippines ○ "Laruang Kristal" Resident Commissioner: to the U.S. House of ○ "The Glass Menagerie" Representatives during the Commonwealth era ○ "Larawan," Secretary of Education: in President Diosdado P. ○ "Ang Mestiza," Macapagal’s and President Ferdinand E. Marcos’ Cabinets ○ "Ang Kiri," (1962–1968) ○ "Osman and Zafira" Famous Works: Translations of Western Classics ○ The United (novel) Establishment of Filipino-language drama ○ I Walked with Heroes (autobiography) Notable awards: ○ I Saw the Fall of the Philippines ○ National Artist of the Philippines for Theater and ○ Mother America Literature ○ I See the Philippines Rise (war-time memoirs) America’s most trusted Asian spokesman Edith L. Tiempo (April 22, 1919 - Aug 21, 2011) Notable awards: ○ Pulitzer Prize Born in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya Francisco “Franz” Arcellana (Sept 6, 1916 – Aug 1, 2002) Parents are Salvador T. Lopez, an auditor for the government, and Teresa Cutaran. Married Edilberto K. Tiempo, a writer and critic. Born in Sta. Cruz, Manila, Fourth of eighteen children, Son Pre-law at university of the Philippines of Jose Cabaneiro Arcellana and Epifania Quino, Married Bachelor of Science of education at Siliman University to Emerenciana Yuvienco with six children Graduate studies at University of Iowa. 21STCLPW 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 3  21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 A Filipino poet, writer, teacher, and literary critic. ○ Walong dekada ng Makabagong tula ng Pilipino Famous Works: ○ Mutyang Dilim ○ The LIttle Marmoset ○ Barlaan at Josaphat ○ Bonsai Revival and reinvention of traditional Filipino poetic forms Tradition in Philippine LIterature in English Remarkable Notable Awards: fusion of style and substance of craftsmanship and insight. ○ University of the PHilippines Centennial Award, Notable Awards: ○ Amado V. Hernandez Award ○ Carlos Palanca Awards in Literature ○ Balagtas Award for Poetry and Essay. Alejandro Reyes Roces (July 13, 1924 - May 23, 2011) Francisco SIonil Jose (Dec 3, 1924 - Jan 6, 2022) Born in Manila Parents are Rafael Roces and Inocencia Reyes Married to Irene Yorston Viola Born in Rosales, Pangasinan B.A. in FIne Arts at Arizona University Married to Teresita Jose M.A. from Far Eastern University Studied in the University of Santo Tomas (Drop out) Doctorates from Tokyo University Famous Works: Baguio’s St. Louis ○ The Rosales Saga University, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, and ○ The Pretenders the Ateneo de Manila University. ○ Tree FIlipino author, essayist, dramatist, and a public servant. ○ My Brother Famous Works: ○ My executioner ○ Of Cocks and Kites ○ Mass ○ Fiesta ○ Po-on ○ Something to Crow about Most critically acclaimed Filipino authors internationally ○ MY brother’s peculiar Chicken Notable Awards: Changing the date of the Philippine Independence Day ○ Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism, from July 4 to June 12. literature, and creative arts (1980) Recovering the stolen original manuscripts of Noli Me ○ Philippine National Artist (2001) Tangere, El Filibusterismo and Mi Ultimo Adios. ○ THe Pablo Neruda Centennial Award (2004) Changed the language used in Philippine passports, coins, ○ Officer in the French Order of Arts and Letters bills, and diplomas to Wikang Pambansa. (2014). Notable Awards: ○ Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan Award Virigilio “Rio Alma S. Almario” (MArch 9, 1944) ○ THe diwa ng Lahi Award ○ The Tanging Parangal of the Gawad CCP Para sa sining Born in Bulacan Parents are Ricardo Almario and Feliciano Senadren Married to Emelina Soriano with three children. Lazaro Francisco y Angeles (February 22, 1898 - June 17, 1980) A.B. Political Science at the University of the Philippines Diliman. Born in Orani, Bataan Master units in education at the University of the East Parents are Eulogio, Francisco and Clara Angeles M.A. in FIlipino at the University of the Philippines Central Luzon Agricultural College (now Central Luzon Diliman. State University) (Undergraduate) FIlipino artist, author, poet, critic, translator, editor, Third-degree Civil Service Examination teacher, and cultural manager. Famous Works: Famous Works: ○ Sinsing na Pangkasal ○ Ang Makatasa Panahon ng Makina ○ Tatsulok ○ Balagtasismo versus Modernismo ○ Ilaw sa Hiwaga 21STCLPW 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 4  21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 ○ Bayang Nagpatiwakal ○ Maganda pa ang Daigdig Filipino Novelist, essayist, and playwright Liwayway A. Arceo Canal de la Reina, Establishment of the Kapatiran ng mga Alagad ng Wikang (1924 - 1999) titser, Uhaw sa Tigang na Lupa, Lumapit, FIlipino (a society that campaigned the use of tagalog as Lumayo ang umaga. the National Language of the Philippines.) Notable Awards: ○ Balagtas Award (1969) Francisco Balagtas Bulacan Florante at Laura, Ang (1788 - 1862) pinagdaanang buhay ○ The republic Cultural Heritage award (1970) ni Florante at Laura sa ○ Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan Award from Kaharian ng Albanya, the government of Manila La India elegante y el negrito amante, Orosman at Zafira. Lualhati Torres Tondo, Manila Gapo, Dekada 70, Bautista (1945) Bata bata paano ka Cirilo Bautista (July 9, 1941 - May 6, 2018) ginawa? Tatlong kwento ng Buhay ni Juan Born in Manila Candelabra. Married to Rosemarie with three children AB literature from the university of Santo Tomas MA Literature from St. Louis University, Baguio Doctor of Arts Cecilia Manguerra Cebu When the Rainbow in Language and literature from De La Salle University Brainard (1947) Goddess wept, The Manila newspaper Widow, Magdalena and woman International Writing program at the university of Iowa with horns and other Poet, FIctionist, essayist and educator stories. Famous Works: Resil B. Mojares (1943) Cebu The war against the ○ SUmmer Suns Americans; Resistance ○ Words and battlefields and Collaboration in Cebus Province; Aboitz: ○ The Trilogy of Saint Lazarus Family and firm in the ○ Galaw ng Asoge Philippines; House of Memory: Essays and Founded the Philippine Literary Arts Council Vincente Sotto, The The Iligan National Writers Workshop Maverick Senator. The Baguio Writers group Carlos Sampayan Pangasinan The laughter of my Notable Awards: Bulosan (1913-1956)) father, The cry and the ○ National Artist of the Philippines dedication, Freedom from want. GIlda Cordero Manila The butcher, the Fernando (1932) baker and the Other Notable Philippines Authors and their Works candlestick maker, A wilderness of sweets. Genoveva Dizon Manila Kwento ni Mabuti, Names Place of Origin Notable Works Erdoza-Matute (1915 - Leave taking, and 2009) none of the bitter. Nicanor Abelardo Bulacan Ang unang buko, kung (1893-1934) hindi man, Sonata in Zoilo Galang (1895 - Pampanga A child of Sorrow, G mayor, Mutya ng 1959) Tales of the Pasig. Philippines, LIfe and Successes, The Box of Estrella D. Alfon (1917 Cebu Forever Witches, With Ashes and other - 1999) patches of many hues stories. Tubig The Knitting straw, the white dress. 21STCLPW 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 5  21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 ○ The reader must interpret the images to Nestor Vicente Madali Romblon The happiest Boy in (1915 - 1999) the world, Children of comprehend the story completely. the Ash-covered Loam ○ Textual portions are presented in traditional and other stores, form. Work on the mountain (Include the ○ Some illustrated novels may contain no text at Father and the maid, all. essays on filipino, life ○ Span all genres. and letters and Kaluntang: A filipino ○ Examples include ‘The Invention of Hugo in the world.”) Cabret’ by Brian Selznick and ‘The Arrival’ by Shaun Tan Peter Solis Nery Iloilo Shy evocations of Digi-Fiction (1969) Childhood, and other poems that came ○ Combination of 3 media: book, movie/video and under hypnosis, Rated internet website R for Giraffe, ○ To get the full story, students must engage in Kakunyag, Ang kapid, navigation, reading, and viewing in all 3 forms. Candido, The passion of Jovita Fuentes. ○ Triple Media Literature ○ Patrick Carman’s Skeleton Creek and Anthony Ambeth R. Ocampo Manila Looking back series Zuiker’s Level 26 are examples and Rizal without the Graphic Novel overcoat. ○ Conveyed using a comic book form. Jose Garcia Vila (1908 Manila Mir-I-Nisa, Man Song, ○ The term is employed in broadly manner, -1997) footnote to Youth: encompassing non-fiction works and Tales of the thematically linked short stories as well as Philippines and others, Appasionata: fictional stories across a number of genres. Poems in praise of ○ Archie Comics by John Goldwater and Love, A parliament of illustrator, Bob Montana, is a good example GIraffes. Manga ○ Japanese word for comics LITERARY GENRES ○ Generic term for all comic books and graphic novels published in Japan. 21st Century Literature ○ Artistic and storytelling style ○ Ameri-manga - created by American artists in Refers to new literary work created within the last decade. manga style. Written by Contemporary authors, deal with current issues ○ Shonen - Boy’s Manga (Naruto, Bleach, One and reflects a technological culture. Piece) It often breaks traditional writing rules. ○ Shojo - Girl’s Manga (Sailormoon) ○ Seinen - Men’s Manga (Akira) Characteristics of a 21st Century Reader ○ Josei - Women’s Manga (Loveless, Paradise Kiss) Grew up using technology as a primary learning rule. ○ Kodomo - Children’s Manga (Doraemon, Hello Capable of navigating and interpreting digital formats and Kitty) media images. Doodle Fiction Possess literacy skill, which include technological abilities ○ Incorporates doodle writing, drawings, and such as keyboarding, internet navigation, ability to handwritten graphics. communicate and interpret coded language and decipher ○ Drawing enhances the story, often adding graphics. humorous elements. ○ Examples include ‘The Diary of a Wimpy Kid’ by Types of 21st Genres Jeff Kinney and ‘Timmy Failure’ by Stephan Pastis. Illustrated Novels Text-talk Novel ○ Story through text and images ○ Known as Ketai shossetsu originated in Japan ○ 50% of the novel is narrated without words. (2003) 21STCLPW 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 6  21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 ○ It has short chapters of 70 to 100 words due to ○ It can either involved set words, phrases, lines, text limitations. etc. that are presented in variable order but sit ○ Blogs, email and IM format narratives on the page much as traditional poetry does, or ○ Told almost entirely in dialogue simulating it can contain parts of the poem that move and social network exchanges. transform. Chick Lit or Chick Literature ○ It is usually found online. ○ Addresses issues of modern womanhood, often ○ The earliest examples date to no later than the humorously and lightheartedly. mid-1980’s ○ Typically features a female protagonist whose femininity is focused on the plot. CONTEXT IN LITERATURE ○ Scarlet Bailey’s ‘The Night Before Christmas’ and Miranda Dickinson’s ‘It Started With a Kiss’ Context or Content? are examples of this. Flash Fiction ○ A style of fictional literature of extreme brevity. Context ○ There is no widely accepted definition of the ○ Parts of a discourse that surround a word or length and category. It could range from six passage and can throw light on its meaning. words to a thousand. ○ The events, circumstances, or background that Creative Non-fiction helps the readers understand a piece of literary ○ Also known as literary non-fiction or narrative work. nonfiction. Content ○ A genre of writing that uses literary styles and ○ Topics or matter treated in a work, particularly in techniques to create factually accurate a written work. narratives. ○ Everything that is contained in the work. ○ As a genre, creative non-fiction is still relatively young and is only beginning to be scrutinized Types of Context for Literary Works with the same critical analysis given to fiction and poetry. Authorial Context ○ ‘1000 Gifts’ by Ann Voscamp and ‘Wind, Sand, ○ Also called a biographical context. and Stars’ by Antoine de Saint-Exupery are ○ Mostly, writers appear to link a piece of work to examples. their own personal life experiences and events. Science Fiction ○ As a result, their personal lives frequently affect ○ A genre of speculative fiction dealing with their work. imaginative concepts such as futuristic science ○ Example: Stupid is Forever by Miriam Defensor and technology, space travel, time travel, faster Santiago - her works are based on her political than light travel, a parallel universe and career and experiences in the world of politics. extra-terrestrial life. Social Context ○ Often explores the potential consequences of ○ Refers to how the cultural characteristics of its scientific and other innovations and has been environment affect its meaning. called a “literature of ideas”. ○ Both the world in which the characters live and ○ Examples include Suzanne Collins’ ‘Mockingjay’ the setting in which the author’s text was and Sarah Maas’ ‘Kingdom of Ash’. written are included in the social context. Blog ○ Example: 100 Tula para kay Stella by Jason Paul ○ A weblog, a website containing short articles Laxamana - the social rivalry between the two called posts that are changed regularly. main characters. ○ Some blogs are written by one person Historical Context containing his or her own opinions, interests and ○ Historical significance of a text is inseparable to experiences, while others are written by its social context. different people. ○ It’s important to consider the historical context Hyper Poetry because significant changes have happened ○ Digital poetry that uses links and hypertext mark-up. 21STCLPW 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 7  21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 since the work was created, so we can’t judge it 5. Write a conclusion only by today’s standards. ○ Example: Dekada ‘70 by Lualhati Bautista - LITERARY ADAPTATION about the life of a woman who faced adversity especially during Ferdinand Marcos’ presidency. Literary Text Cultural Context ○ Linked to social, historical, and ideological context. a piece of written work, such as a book or a poem, a ○ Tradition and beliefs. commentary, story review or a short story. Its primary function ○ Example: The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan - as a text is usually aesthetic, but it may also contain political provides background information to those who messages or beliefs. are unfamiliar with the traditions of ○ keywords: piece of written work Chinese-American culture to better understand this family’s traditions and beliefs. Peer Assessment Ideological Context ○ Structures of principles and ideas that guide is the assessment of students' work by other students of the our thoughts and behavior. same status. Students often undertake peer assessment with ○ Such philosophy will either be valued by society formal self-assessment. or will be a source of controversy. it gives students the opportunity to encounter diversity in ○ Ideology is invisible sense. different ways, critique and judge and be responsible for their ○ Examples of ideology are Marxism (Cinderella own learning. and The Hunger Games), Feminism, ○ keywords: assessment of work made by other student Environmentalism, etc. Self Assessment is a process where students are taught to assess their Critical Context performance against predetermined standard criteria and it ○ Critics share their impressions of a movie, involves the students in goal setting and more informal, noting what they like and dislike. dynamic self-regulation and self-reflection.it gives students the ○ Early criticism often appears as book reviews opportunity to encounter diversity in different ways, critique which are brief. and judge and be responsible for their own learning. ○ Reviews also indicate whether the work is ○ keywords: assessment of self’s work worth reading. Literary Adaptation Using Contextual Analysis in Evaluating Text is the adaptation of literary source (novels, short stories, or Contextual Analysis poems) to another genre or medium such films, stage plays or ○ Examination of a text. video games. ○ Aids reader in evaluating text in terms of its ○ keywords: transferring one’s literature from one medium historical, cultural, and textuality (characteristics to another that distinguish the text as a text). ○ earliest motion picture was on 1896, 45-second scene ○ Combines formal analysis with cultural (Trilby and Little Billie) from George DuMaurier’s 1984 archeology that existed at the time and place novel ‘Trilby’ when the text was produced. Literary Adaptation Importance Steps in Creating Contextual Analysis they make it possible to tell a writer's story in a fresh way. 1. Write the introduction more people will be exposed to the story and may learn to 2. Describe the body of the text value the original. 3. Outline the theme 4. Illustrate the style used 21STCLPW 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 8  21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 it encourages an individual to analyze the film and reflect on ○ Marshall (2001) defined multimedia as the differences to the original story. therefore, it develops computer-controlled integration of text, graphics, social skills. drawings, still and moving images (video), animation, audio, and any other media where every type of Types of Literary Adaptation information can be represented, stored, transmitted and processed digitally. Blog or Weblog Museum Adaptation ○ A website containing information articles about a person’s ○ it is forbidden to change any historical items or data in a opinions, interests, and experiences. historical museum because they are there to be preserved ○ Usually changed regularly. and protected. Mind Mapping ○ through explanatory signage and other materials, a ○ Graphical technique to visualize connections of ideas. museum is also concerned with presenting artifacts and ○ This tool structures information to better analyze, records within their historical context. comprehend, synthesize, recall, and generate new ideas. ○ the same is true of "Museum" adaptations, which are ○ Uses Microsoft Word or online mind mapping tools. focused on maintaining every single aspect of the source Slide Show Presentation material while adapting it to film. ○ Created with the use of MS PowerPoint. Artful Adaptation ○ Contains series of pictures or pages of information. ○ finding the right balance between staying true to the Mobile source material and producing a movie that can stand ○ Phone text tula is a traditional Filipino poem. alone as a work of art is important when doing this kind ○ Example: Tanaga - consists of 4 lines with 7 syllables each of adaptation. with the same rhyme at the end of each line. ○ an Artful Adaptation identifies the most essential Tag Cloud elements of the book and interprets them in ways that ○ It is a visual, stylized arrangement of words or tags within are relevant to the audience, as opposed to meticulously a textual content such as websites, articles, speeches and conserving every detail like a museum. databases. Loose Adaptation ○ a movie that retains some of the themes or gist of the Video book it is based on but then mostly departs from it. ○ Computer is an electronic device used to record, copy, ○ it lacks a perfect resemblance to its source material. playback, broadcast, and display moving visual media. However, a loose adaptation can still result in an excellent film. Transformative Adaptation ○ fairytales like "Cinderella" and works by Shakespeare, Austen, and Dickens are examples of transformative BIAG NI LAM-ANG adaptations. ○ these movies generally place the source material in the EPIC present day rather than the time it was originally written. ○ they might also occur in a subculture of contemporary long narrative about a serious or worthy traditional Western culture or in a society distinct from that of the subject. source work. Its diction is elevated in style, employs formal, dignified, objective tone and many figures of speech. narrative starts in medias res, in the middle of the action. MULTIMEDIA FORMATS BIAG NI LAM-ANG Multimedia ○ Types of media content combined and presented together Pre- Hispanic ilocano epic to enhance communication or convey information more The epic is very long (about 300 stanzas) effectively. Pedro Bukaneg, father of ilocano poetry: first writer to put ○ Provides opportunities to construct and reconstruct ideas it down in both writing ilokano and Spanish. in audio and visual formats. 21STCLPW 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 9  21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 Bukaneg retouched the story and put in some christian ○ The climax is the peak of tension, plot, and material. character in your story. It’s the moment that Characteristics of lam-ang: fearless, reckless, brave, loving, your reader has been waiting for. impulsive, determined. ○ Often, this is the point in the story that Characters: everything changes, or where your main ○ Ines kannoyan- beautiful and virtuous woman, character is forced to make a life-altering grace and charm decision. It should be the point where the ○ don juan panganiban - lam-ang father reader is unsure where your story is going to go ○ Namongan - lam ang's mother next. ○ Sumarang - lam ang's enemy, another suitor of Falling Action: ines ○ This is the time to start resolving conflicts and ○ Marcos: A character who plays a role in subplots so your story doesn’t feel rushed in the recovering Lam-ang's bones after his death last few chapters. This is also where any conflicts ○ The Rooster and the Gray Dog: Lam-ang's that arose as a result of the climax can start magical animal companions that assist him being resolved. throughout his adventures, symbolizing loyalty Resolution: and hope. ○ Finally, the resolution is the end of your story It tells the story of Lam-ang’s life from avenging his where you can tie up the final loose ends and father's murder, to being eaten by the water monster bring your story to its happy or tragic ending. barbakan, to being reborn and living happily ever after with his love, Ines kannoyan. Weaknesses: ○ cannot control his emotions ○ he's not confident about love, he just uses magical objects to pursue his woman. BAYBAYIN is an ancient script used primarily by the TAGALOG people. Baybayin means to spell, write, and syllabize. The ancient pre-Spanish form of writing called Baybayin which was often cited in the work of Pedro Chirino during the 1500s, was later on approved as the National Writing System of the Philippines through House Bill No. 1022. PARTS OF PLOT Exposition: ○ This is your book’s introduction, where you introduce your characters, establish the setting, and begin to introduce the primary conflict of your story. Rising Action: ○ The rising action normally begins with an inciting incident, or a moment that sets your story into action. As it progresses, you’ll have multiple moments of conflict that escalate and create tension as the story moves toward the climax. Climax: 21STCLPW 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 10  21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 21STCLPW 1st Quarter | 1st Semester | 2024 - 2025 21STCLPW 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Reviewer 11