Introduction To Housing PDF

INTRO TO HOUSING OUTLINE OF DISCUSSION Brief History of Housing Settlements Planning in the Philippines Definition of Housing "decent, affordable housing should be a basic right for everybody in this country. The reason is simple: without shelter, everything else falls apart." BRIEF HIST...

INTRO TO HOUSING OUTLINE OF DISCUSSION Brief History of Housing Settlements Planning in the Philippines Definition of Housing "decent, affordable housing should be a basic right for everybody in this country. The reason is simple: without shelter, everything else falls apart." BRIEF HISTORY OF HOUSING CAVE DWELLINGS The earliest form of dwellings, fashioned by nature on cliffs and mountainsides that offered protection from heat, rain, and wind. Tabon Cave Complex, Quezon, Palawan The Tabon Cave in Palawan is said to have sheltered the earliest men of the Philippines. Tabon Cave Complex, Quezon, Palawan Tabon Cave Complex, Quezon, Palawan EPHEMERAL DWELLINGS also known as transient dwellings. The African bushmen and Australia’s aborigines are examples of societies whose existence depends on an economy of hunting and food gathering in its simple form. Habitation of an ephemeral dwelling is generally a matter of days. Negrito-people in lean-to shelter Lean-To Shelter Man fashioned the lean-to from a frame made of tree branches and twigs, and he used leaves and fronds for sidings. Poles held up the screen at an angle. The lean-to is both a roof and a wall, protecting dwellers from the heat and the sun. EPISODIC DWELLINGS These groups also construct communal housing and often practice slash-and-burn cultivation, which is the least productive use of cropland and has a greater environmental impact than the hunting and gathering of ephemeral dwellers. Inuit Igloo An igloo is a dome-shaped dwelling made of hard snow known as pukaangajuq. Historically, it was used by Inuit families and traveling hunters during the winter season. Commonly, igloos were about 3 to 3.5 m high and 3.5 to 4.5 m in diameter.  Chums Are tents of the Tungus of Eastern Siberia in Russia. The traditional chum consists of reindeer hides sewn together and wrapped around wooden poles that are organized in a circle. In the middle there is a fireplace used for heating and to keep mosquitoes away. The smoke escapes through a hole at the top of the chum. The canvas and wooden poles are usually quite heavy, but could be carried by their reindeer. Lapps Tent of Northern Europe PERIODIC DWELLINGS Periodic dwellings are also defined as regular temporary dwellings used by nomadic tribal societies living in a pastoral economy. This type of housing is reflected in the yurt used by the Mongolian and Kirgizian groups and the Bedouins of North Africa and western Asia. These groups’ dwellings essentially demonstrate the next step in the evolution of housing, which is linked to societal development. Yurt A portable round tent. Traditional yurts consist of an expanding wooden circular frame carrying a felt cover. The felt is made from the wool of sheep. The wood to make the external structure is not to be found on the treeless steppes. SEASONAL DWELLINGS are described as reflective of societies that are tribal in nature, seminomadic, and based on agricultural pursuits that are both pastoral and marginal. Housing used by seminomads for several months or for a season can be considered semisedentary and reflective of the advancement of the concept of property, which is lacking in the preceding societies.  Hogans traditional dwelling and ceremonial structure of the Navajo Indians of Arizona and New Mexico. Early hogans were dome-shaped buildings with log, or occasionally stone, frameworks. Once framed, the structure was then covered with mud, dirt, or sometimes sod. The entrance generally faced east, toward the rising sun, and was usually covered with a blanket. Except for a circular opening in the roof to allow smoke to escape, traditional hogans were without windows or interior divisions. PERMANENT DWELLINGS The homes of sedentary agricultural societies, whose political and social organizations are defined as nations and who possess surplus agricultural products, exemplify this type of dwelling. Surplus agricultural products allowed the division of labor and the introduction of other pursuits aside from food production; however, agriculture is still the primary occupation for a significant portion of the population.  English Cottage Some of the characteristics of an English Cottage are: Thatched roof Half-timbered Leaded windows Stacked chimneys Steeply pitched roof A beautiful garden URBANIZATION Urbanization is often defined as the development of cities relative with the increase of its population. shelter + protection comfort SETTLEMENTS PLANNING IN THE PHILIPPINES  PRE-COLONIAL TIMES They were formed for security, or to be close to critical resources like food and water. Most settlements were riverine or coastal in nature.  PRE-COLONIAL TIMES The community unit was the barangay, consisting of 30 to 100 families.  SPANISH COLONIAL TIMES In 1573, Kung Philip II proclaimed the Laws of the Indies that established uniform standards and planning procedures for colonial settlements Plaza Complex The church The municipio The marketplace Elementary school The homes of the principalia AMERICAN PERIOD The American agenda Guide urban growth and physical development Put emphasis on sanitation, housing and functional improvements Burnham's Plan of Manila Grand avenues and a strong central civic core Included a civic mall to house national buildings Fronted Manila Bay in the same way that most City Beautiful plans fronted a large body of water DEFINITION OF HOUSING "A house is not a home unless it contains food and fire for the mind as well as the body." Housing is an important element of the overall quality of life in a community, and planning for housing is an essential component of a comprehensive plan because of the close relationship between housing, land use, and the need for public services. Benjamin Franklin  structure process sector A multi-dimensional concept relating to the process of residing and the objects of dwelling whose main attributes are location relative to access to livelihood, tenure arrangements, cost and physical structure, as well as their environment; R.A. 11201- Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development Act A physical structure as well as a social structure, functioning at different spatial scales from homes, neighborhoods, communities, municipalities, cities, provinces, and regions; and R.A. 11201- Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development Act A sector of the economy, an important category of land use in both urban and rural areas, especially in cities, and is an important factor in the overall dynamics of the urban system. R.A. 11201- Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development Act END