Communication in the Digital Age PDF

COMMUNICATION IN THE DIGITAL AGE LEARNING OUTCOMES AT THE END OF THE COURSE, STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO: At the end of the course, students will be able to: NING OUTCOMES: AT THE END OF THE 1. Understand the different modes of communication and that COURSE, STUDENTS...

COMMUNICATION IN THE DIGITAL AGE LEARNING OUTCOMES AT THE END OF THE COURSE, STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO: At the end of the course, students will be able to: NING OUTCOMES: AT THE END OF THE 1. Understand the different modes of communication and that COURSE, STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO: combining these modes can enhance meaning of any message; and 2. Critically analyze and evaluate multimodal texts to determine factuality of a certain piece of information. DIGITAL AGE DEFINED… The digital age, also called the information age, is defined as the time period starting in the 1970s with the introduction of the personal computer with subsequent technology introduced providing the ability to transfer information freely and quickly. The time period in which we live now where Internet and email are available is an example of the digital age. Source: yourdictioanary.com COMMUNICATION DEFINED… The word ‘communication’ is derived from Latin word ‘communis’, which means common. It is a process of exchange of facts, ideas, opinions and a means that individuals or organizations share the meaning and understanding with one another. Communication is a process of sharing experience till it becomes a common possession. It modifies the disposition of both parties who partakes it- John Dewey. Communication is sharing of ideas and feelings in a mood of mutuality- Edgar Dale. Communication is a means of persuasion to influence other so that desired effect is achieved- Aristotle. COMMUNICATION PROCESS Communication is a process of exchanging verbal and non verbal messages. It is a continuous process. PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION IMAGE FROM COURSES.LUMEN.COM MAIN COMPONENTS OF COMMUNICATION PROCESS Context - Communication is affected by the context in which it takes place. This context may be physical, social, chronological or cultural. Every communication proceeds with context. Sender / Encoder - is a person who sends the message. A sender makes use of symbols (words or graphic or visual aids) to convey the message and produce the required response. Message - Message is a key idea that the sender wants to communicate. It must be ensured that the main objective of the message is clear. Encoding(Communication symbol) – The process of conversion of subject matter into symbols is called encoding. The message or subject matter of any communication is always abstract and intangible. Transmission of message requires use of certain symbols.  Medium - Medium is a means used to exchange / transmit the message For instance - Written medium is chosen when a message has to be conveyed to a small group of people, while an oral medium is chosen when spontaneous feedback is required from the recipient as misunderstandings are cleared then and there. Recipient / Decoder - is a person for whom the message is intended / aimed / targeted. The degree to which the decoder understands the message is dependent upon various factors such as knowledge of recipient, their responsiveness to the message, and the reliance of encoder on decoder.  Decoding– It is the process of translation of an encoded message into ordinary understandable language. Receiver converts the symbols, words or signs received from the sender to get the meaning of the message. Feedback - is the main component of communication process as it permits the sender to analyze the efficacy of the message. It helps the sender in confirming the correct interpretation of message by the decoder. Feedback may be verbal (through words) or non-verbal (in form of smiles, sighs, etc.). It may take written form also in form of memos, reports, etc. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION  VERBAL COMMUNICATION Is an exchange of information using words including both the spoken and the written word. The most important aspects of verbal communication are the following: ✓ Language ✓Pacing ✓Intonation ✓Clarity and Brevity ✓ Timing and relevance NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION Information is exchanged through non-verbal ✓Gesture communication in various ways. It is sometimes referred as body language. ✓Facial expression ✓Posture Duribleby and Brutan (1992) suggest that ✓Gait body language has several elements: ✓Body space and proximity ✓Touch ✓Personal appearance ✓Eye contact ✓Sounds ✓Silence SYMBOLIC COMMUNICATION It involves the verbal and nonverbal symbolism to convey meaning. Art and music are forms of symbolic communication used by nurses to facilitate understanding and healing for patients. METACOMMUNICATION It is ‘communication about communication’ so that the deeper ‘message within a message’ can be uncovered and understood. When a patient tells the nurse that he is cool to undergo surgery with his body rigid and sharp voice, a nurse can interpret that he is anxious as evidenced by the body language. WRITTEN COMMUNICATION Another important form of communication is written communication. It is the best method when the communicator and the recipient are beyond oral communication media. FORMS OF COMMUNICATION INTRAPERSONAL is language use or thought internal to the communicator. Intrapersonal communication is the active internal involvement of the individual in symbolic processing of messages. Intrapersonal communication is the thought process or communication with one person or one's self. The individual becomes his or her own sender and receiver, providing feedback to him or herself in an ongoing internal process. INTERPERSONAL is communication among a relatively small number of people. Much of our communication takes place at this level. Types of interpersonal a. Dyadic- This communication between two people. It may be face to face, or such as ordinary conversation, dialogs, or interviews. Telephone conversation is also dyadic. b. Tryadic-This communication is participated by three people. c. Small Group- More than three people communicate. This is the enlarge type of communication usually done to solve problems. The committee, panel, symposium,  MASS PUBLIC COMMUNICATION This involves communication is communicating with a large between one and several number of people using the other people. This is the mass media like television, large group type of radio and newspaper communication. A public speaking is example. SEVEN C’S OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION Image from businessjargons.com BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION ORGANIZATIONAL BARRIERS These barriers arise when duties and line of authority are not clearly defined. Various types of organizational barriers are: ✓Policy ✓Rules and regulations ✓Facilities ✓ Complex organization ✓Status and position PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS-THINGS THAT OCCUR IN THE MINDS OR INNER SELF OF A PERSON. IT COMES FROM WITHIN THE LISTENERS. ❖Poor pronunciation ❖Confused thinking. ❖Communication overload ❖Attitude ❖Fear and anxiety ❖Suspicious, jealousy, anger ❖Resentment, antagonism and prejudices. ❖Lack of interest and lack of listening. PHYSICAL BARRIERS-THINGS THAT CAN ACTUALLY BE HEARD, SMELLED USING ONE OR MORE OF THE SENSES WHICH KEEP MESSAGES FROM BEING H EARD.  Blaring siren from the ambulance  Ringing of cellphone  Crying of baby Also include Physical health, Poor hearing MECHANICAL BARRIERS Non availability of proper machines Presence of defective machines Interruption Power failure Weak/poor signal/internet connection PERCEPTIONAL BARRIERS Lack of common experience. Linguistic- different languages and vocabulary. Lack of knowledge of any language. From receiver’s side: interrupting the speaker; asking too many questions for the sake of probing From sender’s side: unclear messages; incomplete sentences, no clarification. MULTIMODAL TEXTS Are characterized by the combination of the five different modes of communication: linguistic, visual, gestural, audio, spatial MODES OF COMMUNICATION Source: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/ VISUAL The visual mode refers to the images and characters that people see. For instance, the “No Guns” symbol has no alphabetic text and no sound. Like many signs, it relies for its meaning on visual information. AURAL The aural mode is focused on sound An example of an aural mode — one that including, but not limited to, music, sound depends almost exclusively on sound — effects, ambient noises, silence, tone of might be the recording of a public speech voice in spoken language, volume of that was delivered orally to a live sound, emphasis, and accent. audience, such as William Howard Taft’s 1908 speech “The Farmer and the Republican Party.” GESTURAL The gestural mode “refers to the way The gestural mode works with linguistic, movement is interpreted. Facial visual, aural, and sometimes even spatial expressions, hand gestures, body modes in order to create more detail and language, and interaction between convey it better to the consumer” people are all gestural modes. This has always been important in face-to-face conversations and in theater, but it has become more apparent on the web lately with the wide use of YouTube and other video players. LINGUISTIC (OR ALPHABETIC) The linguistic mode refers to written or Linguistic is probably the most widely used spoken words. The mode includes word mode because it can be both read and choice, the delivery of written or spoken heard on both paper or audio. The text, the organization of words into linguistic mode is the best way to express sentences and paragraphs, and the details and list. development and coherence of words and ideas. SPATIAL The spatial mode, as the name implies, A good example of the spatial mode refers to the arrangement of elements in might be the different ways in which chairs space. It involves the organization of and desks are arranged in a classroom. items and the physical closeness between people and objects.