ELA - Final May 2024 - multiple choice

The Five Primary Elements of a Story

• A story consists of five primary elements: character, setting, plot, conflict, and theme.
• Character: The people or animals that perform the actions and speak the dialogue in a story.
• Setting: The physical location and time period in which the story takes place.
• Plot: The events that occur in a story, which can be divided into introduction, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.
• Conflict: A challenge or problem that drives the story's action and creates a series of cause-and-effect events.
• Theme: The underlying insight, moral, or idea that the writer expresses through the story.

Advanced Story Elements

• Point of View (POV): The perspective from which a story is told, which can be identified by asking "who is telling the story?"
• Tone: The overall attitude or feeling that the writer conveys through their word choices, literary devices, and grammar.
• Style: The individual author's unique voice, which is influenced by their word choices, plot patterns, and sentence structures.
• Mood: The effect that the writer creates in the reader, which is evoked through their use of language.

Literary Devices

• Allegory: A story in which characters and events are used to convey a deeper, hidden meaning.
• Allusion: A reference to a person, place, event, or work of art that is outside the text itself.
• Flashback: A narrative device that reveals something that happened before the present moment in the story.
• Foreshadowing: A hint or suggestion about events that will occur later in the story.
• Irony: A contrast between what is expected to happen and what actually happens.
• Juxtaposition: The placement of two or more elements side by side to create a comparison or contrast.
• Paradox: A statement or situation that seems contradictory or absurd, but may contain a deeper truth.

Plot Structure

• Exposition: The beginning of the story, which introduces the characters, setting, and situation.
• Rising Action: The events that lead up to the climax, which build suspense and develop characters.
• Climax: The most intense or critical moment in the story, which is often a turning point.
• Falling Action: The events that follow the climax, which deal with the consequences of the characters' actions.
• Resolution: The conclusion of the story, which ties up loose ends and provides closure.

Narrative Perspective

• First Person: The narrator is a character within the story and uses the pronoun "I" or "we".
• Second Person: The narrator addresses the reader directly using the pronoun "you".
• Third Person Omniscient: The narrator has access to the thoughts and feelings of multiple characters.
• Third Person Objective: The narrator describes the characters' actions and dialogue, but does not reveal their thoughts or feelings.
• Third Person Limited: The narrator is limited to the internal workings of a single character, usually the protagonist.

Theme and Satire

• Theme: The author's central message or idea about a topic or subject.
• Satire: The use of humor to mock or criticize a person, idea, or institution, often to inform or persuade the reader.

Characterization

• Major Characters: Characters who are vital to the development and resolution of the plot.
• Minor Characters: Characters who serve to complement the major characters and advance the plot.
• Protagonist: The central character who faces a conflict or challenge.
• Antagonist: The character who opposes the protagonist.
• Dynamic Characters: Characters who change over time, often as a result of resolving a conflict.
• Static Characters: Characters who do not change over time.
• Round Characters: Characters who have complex personalities and are often portrayed as conflicted.
• Flat Characters: Characters who are known for one personality trait or characteristic.
• Stock Characters: Characters who have become stereotypical through repeated use in stories.

Setting

• Setting: The physical location and time period in which the story takes place.
• Time of Day or Year: The time of day or year can influence the mood or atmosphere of the story.
• Familiar or Unfamiliar Place: The setting can affect the characters' actions and behaviors.
• Mood or Atmosphere: The setting can create a specific mood or atmosphere that influences the reader's feelings.

Test your knowledge of the fundamental elements of a story, including character, setting, plot, and more. Identify the key components that make up a narrative.