Immunity

To drain interstitial fluid back into the blood

Producing antibodies

Hypertension, venous obstruction, or protein buildup in interstitial fluids

<p>Fluid buildup in tissues, leading to swelling or edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To filter out contaminants from lymph fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To contain leukocytes that screen tissue fluid for contaminants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It forces fluid out of blood vessels into tissues, causing edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blockage of the flow of blood, causing fluid buildup in tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymph vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interstitial fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymph vessels = Open vessels that open up into the tissues and drain into lymph nodes Lymph nodes = Found in areas like the armpit and groin Lymph organs = Include the thymus and spleen, containing leukocytes like B cells, T cells, and macrophages Lymph fluid = The fluid that bathes the cells of tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymph vessels = Drain into lymph nodes and return interstitial fluid to the blood Lymph nodes = Filter out contaminants from tissue fluid and drain into lymph vessels Lymph organs = Screen tissue fluid for contaminants and contain leukocytes like B cells, T cells, and macrophages Lymph fluid = Bathes the cells of tissues and is drained by lymph vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To defend the body against pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria are extracellular, while viruses are intracellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By using the host cell's machinery</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Innate immunity and acquired immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide a built-in, non-specific defense mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To defend the body against specific pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce antibodies specific to particular pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Innate immunity is non-specific, while acquired immunity is specific</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By using the host cell's machinery to replicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To treat bacterial infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Innate immunity = Present from birth Acquired immunity = Involves B cells and T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skin = Physical mechanical barrier Mucous membranes = Physical barrier B cells = Produce antibodies T cells = Non-specific immune cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To trap and fight against pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To break down bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce acidic substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To trap pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An increase in immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To help with protein digestion and defend against invaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent bacteria and pathogens from entering deeper layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To help fight against pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent pathogens from entering the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skin = Produces oil that is broken down into acidic substances to prevent harmful pathogens Mucous membranes = Produces mucus to trap pathogens Sweat = Has a washing action and is salty, inhibiting the growth of pathogens Stomach = Produces hydrochloric acid to help with protein digestion and defend against invaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Innate immunity = Non-specific and fights against a variety of pathogens Acquired immunity = Specific and fights against specific pathogens Epithelial cells = Tightly packed to prevent bacteria and pathogens from entering deeper layers Lysozyme = Breaks down bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sweat = Has a washing action and is salty, inhibiting the growth of pathogens Oil = Broken down into acidic substances to prevent harmful pathogens Mucus = Traps pathogens Hydrochloric acid = Helps with protein digestion and defends against invaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epithelial cells = Prevent bacteria and pathogens from entering deeper layers Sweat glands = Produce sweat that has a washing action and is salty, inhibiting the growth of pathogens Oil glands = Produce oil that is broken down into acidic substances to prevent harmful pathogens Mucous glands = Produce mucus to trap pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skin = Has multiple layers of epithelial cells Mucous membranes = Produce mucus to trap pathogens Epithelial cells = Tightly packed to prevent bacteria and pathogens from entering deeper layers Stomach = Produces hydrochloric acid to help with protein digestion and defend against invaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Targeting specific strains of pathogens or foreign material</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By releasing antibodies that bind to antigens on the surface of pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulating infected body cells to undergo apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A slow response due to the need to find the correct B cell or T cell to fit with a lock and key onto the pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce a rapid and robust response to a specific pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By binding to and neutralizing the toxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing a generalized response to pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A rapid and robust response to subsequent exposures to the same pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are specific and can only respond to specific pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>B cells produce antibodies and T cells stimulate infected body cells to undergo apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>B cells = Produce antibodies that bind to antigens on the surface of pathogens T cells = Latch onto infected body cells and stimulate them to undergo apoptosis Innate immunity = Provide a generalized response to pathogens Acquired immunity = Provide a specific type of immunity that targets particular strains of pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Innate immunity = First and second line of defense against pathogens Acquired immunity = Third line of defense against pathogens Primary response = Slow due to the need to find the correct B cell or T cell Immunological memory = Rapid and robust response to subsequent exposures to the same pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>B cells and T cells = Provide immunological memory Antibodies = Inactivate toxins by binding to them Killer T cells = Destroy infected body cells and prevent viral replication Clonal expansion = Producing many cells of the same variety to fight the pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>B cells = Produce antibodies that bind to antigens on the surface of pathogens T cells = Latch onto infected body cells and stimulate them to undergo apoptosis Innate immune cells = Destroy pathogens tagged by antibodies Acquired immunity = Provide a specific type of immunity that targets particular strains of pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibodies = Clump pathogens together and tag them for destruction Killer T cells = Destroy infected body cells and prevent viral replication Innate immune cells = Destroy pathogens tagged by antibodies B cells and T cells = Provide immunological memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary response = Slow due to the need to find the correct B cell or T cell Clonal expansion = Producing many cells of the same variety to fight the pathogen Immunological memory = Rapid and robust response to subsequent exposures to the same pathogen Acquired immunity = Specific type of immunity that targets particular strains of pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The duration of protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced likelihood of contact with the pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide short-term protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide long-term protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To train the immune system to provide a rapid and robust secondary immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active acquired immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To neutralize toxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To activate the adaptive immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Source of antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced likelihood of contact with the pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active acquired immunity = Provides long-term protection due to the presence of memory cells Passive acquired immunity = Provides short-term protection with no immunological memory Herd immunity = Occurs when a large percentage of the population is immunized Innate immunity = Provides immediate, non-specific defense against pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fetus receiving antibodies from the mother = Passive acquired immunity A person receiving a vaccination = Active acquired immunity A community with a high percentage of immunized individuals = Herd immunity A person's skin and mucous membranes defending against pathogens = Innate immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immunological memory = Provides long-term protection Memory cells = Triggers a rapid and robust secondary immune response Antitoxins = Provides short-term protection against toxins Herd immunity = Reduces the likelihood of contact with pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibodies in breast milk = Provides short-term protection to breastfed babies Antitoxins = Provides short-term protection against toxins Mother's antibodies = Provides short-term protection to the fetus Memory cells = Triggers a rapid and robust secondary immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A person's immune system responding to a primary exposure to a pathogen = Active acquired immunity A person receiving antibodies from another source = Passive acquired immunity A community with a high percentage of immunized individuals = Herd immunity A person's skin and mucous membranes defending against pathogens = Innate immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immunological memory = The ability of the immune system to remember specific pathogens Memory cells = Cells that remain in the body after an initial immune response Herd immunity = A form of immunity that occurs when a large percentage of the population is immunized Innate immunity = A non-specific defense against pathogens that is present from birth</p> Signup and view all the answers