Evolutionary Biology: From Darwin to Watson and Crick
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Evolutionary Biology: From Darwin to Watson and Crick

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the directed migration of cells in response to concentration gradients of extracellular signals?

Chemotaxis

Which mechanism is used by bacteria to remove viral DNA from circular chromosomes?

CRISPR

What are oncogenes?

Virus-derived genes that can cause cancer

How do rattlesnakes use chemical cues to track down prey at night?

<p>By utilizing chemotaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Pangenesis?

<p>Hypothesis suggesting particles from all parts of the body can collect in the reproductive organs to pass on hereditary information</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of retroviruses?

<p>Incorporation of genes into the host's chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of variation in traits?

<p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered that some traits are dominant and some are recessive?

<p>Gregor Mendel</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist confirmed that genes are made of DNA and proposed the double helix model?

<p>James Watson and Francis Crick</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept solves Darwin's problem of how heritable particles do not blend?

<p>Pangenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Modern Synthesis, what does natural selection act upon?

<p>'Fitter' phenotypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process whereby distantly related organisms independently evolve similar traits to adapt to similar necessities called?

<p>Convergence</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for the spread of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria?

<p>Conjugation in bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant outcome of serial symbiosis between prokaryotes according to the text?

<p>Creation of more complicated eukaryotic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event led to the creation of mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Endosymbiosis with bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the transfer of genes through sexual reproduction?

<p>Involves sharing chromosomes with another organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the direct contact transfer of DNA from a donor bacterium to a recipient bacterium?

<p>Conjugation in bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do viruses replicate within host cells?

<p>Utilizing cellular mechanisms of the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

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