30 Questions
What type of performance involves the dramatization of the fight between Christians and Moros/Muslims?
Moro moro
Which performance involves using shadow play or puppet show with cardboard figures on a white screen?
Carillo
What is the main theme of 'Florante at Laura'?
Love story amidst political corruption
Which period saw Philippine Literature being more propagandistic than literary?
The Propaganda and Revolutionary Period
What awakened Filipino Nationalism during the Spanish colonization?
The execution of GOMBURZA
Which performance involves a dramatic reenactment done in May of Sta. Elena’s search for the Holy Cross?
Tibag
During the Apprenticeship Period, which institution was established in 1901?
Philippine Normal College
Which of the following best describes the language situation in the Philippines during the Apprenticeship Period?
English became the dominant language for learning and bureaucracy.
According to Serrano (1998), what was a common criticism of Filipino literature during the Apprenticeship Period?
It imitated American writing styles.
Which genre of literature was noted for being 'clumsy handling of long and poor literary work' during the Apprenticeship Period?
Novels
What was the main focus of Filipino writers during the Emergence Period?
Self-discovery and rapid growth
'Inflorescence (flowering) of Literature' is associated with which literary period?
The Emergence Period
Who wrote the novel Filipinas originally in Spanish which eventually became the National Anthem of the Philippines?
Jose Palma
Which individual was known as 'The Brains of the Revolution' and 'The Sublime Paralytic'?
Apolinario Mabini
In Urbana at Felisa, who is the author of the book of letters that was considered a guide for good manners and right conduct for women?
Presbitero Modesto De Castro
Which work called for reforms in both the church and the government?
Mi Ultimo Adios
What did Apolinario Mabini emphasize should be loved before one's own happiness?
Country
Which work was considered more than just a literary piece, serving as a means to propagate the Catholic ideological system of the Spaniards?
'Urbana at Felisa'
What is the traditional form of Tagalog poetry called Tanaga?
Has 4 lines and 7 syllables per line
What is the significance of the 'Textanaga Contest' mentioned in the text?
All of the above
What is the key difference between the traditional Tanaga form and the textula form of Tagalog poetry mentioned in the text?
Tanaga is written and read on paper while textula is written and read on mobile phones.
Who is Frank Rivera and what is his connection to the textula form of Tagalog poetry?
Frank Rivera is a prolific writer, poet, and playwright who used 8 syllables in the textula form.
What is the significance of the term 'ORAL LORE' mentioned in the text?
It refers to the stories and folklore passed down through generations by word of mouth.
What is the key difference between the 'ELEMENTS OF POETRY' and the 'SENSE' aspects of poetry mentioned in the text?
Elements of poetry deal with the sound and rhythm of poetry, while Sense deals with the overall meaning and interpretation.
What genre does the book 'Smaller and Smaller Circles' by FH Batacan belong to?
Mystery
Which of these is an example of microfiction?
A Gentleman’s C by Padgett Powell
What does the phrase 'Actions speak louder than words' refer to?
Actions can reveal true intentions better than words
'They lived happily ever after, separately.' is an example of which form of storytelling?
Six-Word Story
What type of content can be found in a blog according to the text?
Informative Articles
'Alzheimer’s Dementia took him away twice.' hints at a story told in how many words?
Six words
Study Notes
The Propaganda and Revolutionary Periods
- The Propaganda Movement was led by writers like Jose Rizal, Marcelo Del Pilar, and Graciano Lopez Jaena, who called for reforms in the church and government through their works.
- The Revolutionary Movement was characterized by writers who wrote in Tagalog, including Jose Palma, who wrote the national anthem "Filipinas" originally in Spanish.
- Apolinario Mabini's "True Decalogue" emphasized the importance of loving one's country and honoring God.
The Apprenticeship Period (1910-1935)
- The Americans introduced the English language as a subject in schools, and later as the medium of instruction in public schools.
- The Thomasites taught English, British, and American literature, leading to the emergence of Filipino writers educated in American ideals.
- English became the language of learning, bureaucracy, and publications, with newspapers like the Daily Bulletin, The Cablenews, and the Philippines Free Press.
- Filipino writers during this period were criticized for their "imitative" and "unidiomatic" writing style.
The Emergence Period (1930-1945)
- This period was marked by self-discovery and rapid growth in Philippine literature, with writers focusing on Philippine customs and traditions.
- Literary forms like moro moro, carillo, tibag, and duplo at karagatan emerged during this period.
- Florante at Laura, a famous work of the period, was written by Francisco Balagtas, and is a poem about the love story of two characters amidst a backdrop of corruption in politics.
Elements of Poetry
- Sound devices include rhyme, rhythm, and sound devices.
- Structure refers to the arrangement of words, including lines, stanzas, and word order.
- Sensory images create vivid pictures in the reader's mind, and sense refers to the obvious and implied meanings of a poem.
- Figures of speech and textula are also important elements of poetry.
Philippine Literature
- Philippine literature during the Spanish colonization was more propagandistic than literary.
- The Spanish Revolution of 1868 and the execution of Gomburza awakened Filipino nationalism.
- The Philippines had a rich literary heritage even before the arrival of the Spaniards, with a tradition of oral lore and folklore.
Modern Forms of Literature
- Flash fiction is a short story of 1000 words or less, while microfiction is a story of 300 words or less.
- Six-word stories, graphic novels, speculative fiction, blogs, and excerpts are also modern forms of literature.
- Examples of modern Filipino literature include works by Mina Esguerra, Chrissie Peria, Cyan Abad-Jugo, and FH Batacan.
Test your knowledge on the elements of poetry including rhyme, rhythm, sound devices, structure, word choice, sensory images, and deeper meanings. Explore how words are arranged in lines and stanzas, the use of punctuation, capitalization, figures of speech, and how they contribute to the overall tone and mood.
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