Effect of Technology on Income Growth and Population Growth

Which region has the lowest life expectancy based on the provided text?

Sub-Saharan Africa

What is the definition of total fertility rate?

The average number of children a woman would have

What metric is used to determine the youth dependency ratio?

Proportion of youth to economically active adults

What does the growth rate formula Pt+1/Pt = 1 + nt represent?

Birth rate minus mortality rate Signup and view all the answers

What does Pt+1 = Pt + Bt -Dt + Mt signify in population dynamics?

Population at time t+1 Signup and view all the answers

What is a key concern raised regarding developing countries' ability to improve given current population growth levels according to the text?

Availability of cheap labor force Signup and view all the answers

Which countries have entered stage 3 of the demographic transition?

Taiwan, South Korea, Costa Rica Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the Malthusian Population Trap?

Diminishing returns to fixed factors causing low living standards Signup and view all the answers

In the Malthusian model, why did Malthus propose 'morally restraining' reproduction as a solution?

To counteract diminishing returns to fixed factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of diminishing returns to fixed factors on population growth according to Malthus?

Population growth at arithmetic rate Signup and view all the answers

Which group of countries is still in stage 2 of the demographic transition according to the text?

SSA and Middle East Signup and view all the answers

What does the text refer to as the 'universal tendency' in population growth according to Malthus?

Doubling of population every 30-40 years Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, how is technology represented in relation to income growth and population growth?

Technology causes an upward shift of the income growth TP curve. Signup and view all the answers

Why do the authors reject the Malthusian and neo-Malthusian theories according to the text?

For not accounting for a macro-relationship between population growth and PCI levels. Signup and view all the answers

In the Microeconomic Theory of Fertility, what is the motivation for additional children beyond the first two or three, according to the text?

As a form of investment for the household. Signup and view all the answers

How does the demand-based theory of fertility determine the number of children in a household?

By choosing the combination that maximizes family satisfaction based on subjective preferences. Signup and view all the answers

Why is there a rejection of the assumption in Malthusian model regarding population increase and PCI levels?

Due to the direct positive relationship assumed by Malthus between population increase and PCI levels. Signup and view all the answers

In what way does technology influence the relationship between PCI and population growth rates based on the rejection of Malthusian theories?

Technology increases PCI without affecting population growth rates. Signup and view all the answers

What is identified as one of the negative consequences of large families according to the text?

Lower investment levels Signup and view all the answers

What is mentioned as a goal in addressing population growth in developing countries?

Voluntary fertility decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is stated as being one of the common grounds despite conflicting opinions in the text?

Population growth is not related to underdevelopment Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted as a responsibility of developed countries in addressing population concerns?

Addressing resources use inequities Signup and view all the answers

In terms of policy approaches for developing countries, what is emphasized as a good option for influencing the demand for children?

Raising socioeconomic status of women Signup and view all the answers

What is mentioned as a way that developed countries can assist developing countries with their population programs?

Promoting technology of fertility control Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT cited as a consequence of high fertility in the text?

Population growth Signup and view all the answers

What is considered the real problem rather than population growth?

Underdevelopment Signup and view all the answers

Which policy measure is suggested to reduce boy preference?

Policies that have the effect of reducing boy preference Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to address the subordination of women according to the text?

Empowerment of women Signup and view all the answers

Which area does the text suggest should be the focus instead of population growth?

Population distribution Signup and view all the answers

What is identified as a major problem concerning world resource depletion?

DCs overconsumption Signup and view all the answers