22 Questions
What is the primary objective of this lesson plan?
To practice locating, developing, and lifting latent fingerprints from various surfaces
What is the purpose of obtaining both suspect and elimination fingerprint impressions?
To identify the reasons for obtaining both suspect and elimination fingerprint impressions is not provided in the text
What is the purpose of rolling fingerprints on standard ten-print cards?
To practice recording suspect and elimination fingerprints
What will the trainees be able to do after completing this lesson?
All of the above
What is the timeframe allocated for this lesson?
6 hours
When was this lesson plan prepared?
November 20, 2008
What is the purpose of having the subject wash their hands before taking their fingerprints?
To remove perspiration and dirt
What should be the color of a good fingerprint impression?
Dark gray
Why should the subject's fingers be held straight and stiff during the plain impression process?
To ensure a level plane at the wrist
What can cause poorly prepared fingerprint records?
Too much ink used and unevenly distributed
Why might ridge characteristics be indistinct in some individuals?
Due to the subject's occupation
What should be done if a digit is missing during the recording process?
Mark the space for the missing digit
What is the primary composition of a fingerprint?
98% perspiration, 1% amino acids, and 1% oil
What is the most common type of fingerprint pattern found in the population?
Loops
What is the purpose of using a flashlight to locate fingerprints at a crime scene?
To shine light at a 45-degree angle to the surface
What is the name of the process used to detect oils in perspiration at a crime scene?
Iodine fuming
What is the primary difference between rolled and plain (PAT) fingerprint impressions?
Rolled impressions are used for identification, while plain impressions are used for elimination
What is the name of the system used to store and retrieve fingerprint cards for comparison?
Fingerprint classification system
What is the purpose of using a two-part system on the standard 10-print record card?
To record basic pedigree information and rolling of all 10 digits
What is the primary advantage of using printer's or commercial fingerprint ink?
It reduces smudging and maintains consistency
What is the purpose of using a glass plate in fingerprint recording equipment?
To hold the ink
What is the primary precaution to take when dusting for fingerprints at a crime scene?
Use a light movement of the brush
Study Notes
Fingerprint Evidence
- Fingerprint is a deposit consisting of 98% perspiration, 1% amino acids, and 1% oil that forms on the friction ridges of fingers, palms, and feet, and is left on a surface when contact is made.
Factors Affecting Fingerprint Impression Quality
- Condition of the hand: • Must be clean and dry • Age can affect the friction ridges • Occupation of subject can affect the friction ridges
- Type of Surface: • Smooth, hard, clean surfaces are most likely to reveal prints • Rough, porous, dusty, dirty, or greasy surfaces are least likely to reveal fingerprint impressions • Atmospheric conditions
Fingerprint Classification
- Fingerprints are classified into three pattern types and eight sub-groups: • Arches (5% of population) • Loops (60% of population) • Whorls (35% of population)
Fingerprint Impressions
- There are three types of fingerprint impressions: • Patent (visible) • Latent (invisible) • Plastic (molded)
Fingerprint Recording Equipment and Process
- Standard 10-Print Record Card: • Currently used by most law enforcement agencies • Allows recording of basic pedigree information and rolling of all 10 digits
- Recording Process:
• Preparation: clean hands, glass plate, ink, and roller
• Rolling Impressions:
- Have subject sign 10-print card
- Roll four fingers away from center of subject's body
- Roll thumbs toward center of subject's body
- Apply steady/even downward pressure • Plain (PAT) Impressions:
- Have subject sign 10-print card
- Subject holds fingers together straight and stiff
- Finger printer holds wrist and presses fingers simultaneously on ink pad, then onto print card in appropriate box
This lesson plan covers the physical process of fingerprint formation, types of impressions and patterns, and methods to obtain fingerprint evidence. Trainees will practice rolling fingerprints on standard ten-print cards.
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