Botany: The Science of Plant Life
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Botany: The Science of Plant Life

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Questions and Answers

What is the Ancient Greek word βοτάνη (botanē) derived from?

Pasture

What groups of organisms are traditionally included in the study of botany?

Fungi and algae

Approximately how many species of vascular plants do botanists study?

391,000 species

What was one of the first endeavors of human investigation related to botany?

<p>Identifying edible plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where were the forerunners of the first botanical gardens attached to universities often located?

<p>Monasteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the binomial system of nomenclature?

<p>A system for naming biological species using two terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ancient figure is widely regarded as the 'Father of Botany'?

<p>Theophrastus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is molecular genetics primarily concerned with in plant science?

<p>Investigating the mechanisms and control of gene expression in plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the early recorded history of botany mainly focused on?

<p>Classifying plants based on their medicinal properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the contribution of Carl Linnaeus to botany?

<p>Introduction of the binomial system of nomenclature for naming biological species</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of genetic testing in a medical setting?

<p>To diagnose or rule out suspected genetic disorders and predict risks for specific conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to humans, for what other purposes can genetic testing be used in plants and animals?

<p>To gain information for selective breeding and boost genetic diversity in endangered populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did early forms of genetic testing in the 1950s involve?

<p>Counting the number of chromosomes per cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can genetic testing in a medical setting be used to customize based on an individual's genetic makeup?

<p>Medical treatments</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apart from measuring the results of genetic changes through RNA analysis, what else can genetic testing include?

<p>Biochemical analysis to measure specific protein output</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic testing method is performed on a sample of venous blood from the mother to provide information about the fetus early in pregnancy?

<p>Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most widespread use of genetic testing?

<p>Newborn screening</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic disorder that causes mental illness if left untreated and is tested in all states as part of newborn screening?

<p>Phenylketonuria (PKU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic testing method is used just after birth to identify genetic disorders that can be treated early in life?

<p>Newborn screening</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of genetic testing analyzes whole chromosomes and can diagnose genetic disorders that involve large structural rearrangements?

<p>Cytogenetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

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