73 Questions
An increase in dopamine in the mesocortical pathway leads to positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
False
The Tuberoinfundibular pathway in schizophrenia shows an increase in dopamine levels.
False
Dementia is one of the medical conditions that can present with psychosis.
True
Schizophrenia onset typically begins around the age of 30.
False
Typical antipsychotics primarily act as serotonin agonists.
False
Atypical antipsychotics are considered first generation.
False
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is not a medical emergency.
False
NMS symptoms include hypotension and hypoglycemia.
False
Extrapyramidal symptoms include akathisia, dystonia, and tardive dyskinesia.
True
Akathisia usually presents with a slow onset over months to years.
False
Pseudo-parkinsonism symptoms include tremor, bradykinesia, and shuffled gait.
True
Tardive dyskinesia can occur within days to weeks of starting treatment.
False
Ziprasidone dosing includes once a day oral capsule and immediate IM injection.
False
Pimavanserin is FDA approved for the treatment of Parkinson's Disease psychosis.
True
VMAT2 inhibitors include haloperidol and aripiprazole.
False
Iglami formulations include IV and subcutaneous injection.
False
Hyperprolactinemia due to dopamine antagonism can cause menstrual disturbances and gynecomastia.
True
Risperidone long-acting injectable Perseris is given every two weeks.
False
Typical antipsychotics are mainly beneficial for reducing negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
False
The main benefit of Ziprasidone is its high efficacy in treating metabolic syndrome.
False
Treatment-resistant schizophrenia is defined as a lack of symptom improvement despite trials of antipsychotics from the same class.
False
Lumateperon is recommended in severe hepatic impairment.
False
Olanzapine/samidorphan dosing involves adding 5 mg of samidorphan to the standard olanzapine dose.
False
Haloperidol Decanoate is given every 2 weeks.
False
Fluphenazine Decanoate has a long onset of action and oral overlap is necessary.
False
Quetiapine is commonly used in the treatment of ICU delirium and sleep disorders.
True
Lurasidone must be taken on an empty stomach for optimal bioavailability.
False
Aripiprazole is a full agonist of dopamine and serotonin receptors.
False
Cariprazine has a moderate risk of weight gain compared to aripiprazole.
True
Asenapine sublingual tablet should be swallowed with water.
False
Brexpiprazole has no dose adjustments needed in renal or hepatic impairment.
False
Paliperidone should be avoided in individuals with hypersensitivity to risperidone.
True
Lurasidone is contraindicated with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors.
True
Haloperidol carries a high risk of sedation as an adverse effect.
False
Clozapine must be offered before considering other treatment options.
False
Fluphenazine formulations include oral tablet only.
False
Zyprexa Relprevv has a black box warning related to post-injection delirium/sedation syndrome.
True
Aripiprazole can increase prolactin levels.
False
Quetiapine should be taken on an empty stomach for best results.
False
Asenapine patch should be worn for 48 hours before replacing with a new one.
False
Iloperidone interacts with CYP450 CYP2D6 CYP3A4 enzymes.
True
Haloperidol Decanoate maintenance dose is typically 5 times the oral dose.
False
BBW for Loxapine includes risk of QT prolongation.
False
Which of the following substances is NOT listed as exacerbating psychosis in the text?
Benzodiazepines
What are the minimum number of the following required for a schizophrenia diagnosis according to the DSM-5?
2
In the mesolimbic system, an increase in dopamine causes which type of symptoms in schizophrenia?
Positive
Which pathway in schizophrenia shows a decrease in dopamine levels and is associated with extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) and Tardive Dyskinesia?
Nigrostriatal pathway
Which antipsychotic medication requires dose adjustments for both hepatic and renal impairment?
Ziprasidone
What is the main warning associated with Risperidone use?
Increased risk of QTc prolongation
What is the primary benefit of Ziprasidone?
Low risk for metabolic abnormalities
What is the main treatment recommendation for individuals with treatment-resistant schizophrenia?
Clozapine
Atypical antipsychotics primarily antagonize which neurotransmitters?
Dopamine and serotonin
What is a common short-term effect of hyperprolactinemia due to dopamine antagonism?
Gynecomastia
Which symptom is characteristic of pseudo-parkinsonism induced by antipsychotics?
Rigidity
What is the primary mechanism of action of typical antipsychotics?
Dopamine antagonism
Which treatment is recommended for akathisia induced by antipsychotic medications?
Propranolol
What is the first-line treatment choice for individuals with schizophrenia?
Atypical antipsychotics
Which condition is a Black Box Warning associated with in all antipsychotic medications?
[NMS] Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Which treatment is used for the long-term management of tardive dyskinesia?
Velbenazine
In what pathway does an increase in dopamine levels lead to positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Mesolimbic pathway
What is the first-line treatment recommended for acute agitation and aggression?
Non-pharmacologic interventions
Which atypical antipsychotic is known for causing a high risk of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)?
Loxapine
How often is Haloperidol Decanoate typically administered?
Every 4 weeks
What is the black box warning associated with Loxapine?
Bronchospasm with inhalation (REMS)
Which atypical antipsychotic has a unique adverse effect of metallic taste and tongue numbness when taken sublingually?
Asenapine
What is the mechanism of action of Aripiprazole?
Dopamine and serotonin partial agonist
Which antipsychotic has the highest risk of metabolic syndrome?
Olanzapine
Which antipsychotic requires dose titration due to orthostatic hypotension?
Iloperidone
Which antipsychotic is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to risperidone?
Paliperidone
Which antipsychotic does NOT includes an ODT option?
Lumateperon
Which antipsychotic has a BBW (Black Box Warning) for severe neutropenia?
Clozapine
Which antipsychotic is known for requiring a 350 kcal meal for optimal bioavailability?
Lurasidone
Which antipsychotic formulation includes an oral tablet, ODT, and suspension options?
Clozapine
Explore the benefits of Long-Acting Injectable medications for improving adherence and reducing risks in psychiatry, along with first and second-line interventions for acute agitation and aggression. Learn about non-pharmacological approaches, de-escalation techniques, and pharmacological options like antipsychotics and benzodiazepines.
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