15 Questions
Which region of the adrenal glands secretes the hormone aldosterone?
Zona glomerulosa
Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes glucocorticoids like cortisol?
Zona fasciculata
What is the function of glucocorticoids in the body?
Accelerate breakdown of proteins and lipids
Which hormones are released by the adrenal medulla?
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
What is the main function of epinephrine (adrenaline) in the body?
Activate the sympathetic nervous system
Which region of the adrenal glands is part of the sympathetic nervous system?
Adrenal medulla
Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes gonadocorticoids?
Zona reticularis
What is the function of gonadocorticoids in the body?
Promote hair growth in men and women
Which layer of the adrenal cortex is most superficial?
Zona glomerulosa
Which layer of the adrenal cortex is most deep?
Zona reticularis
Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes the hormone aldosterone?
Zona glomerulosa
Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes glucocorticoids like cortisol?
Zona fasciculata
Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes gonadocorticoids?
Zona reticularis
Which layer of the adrenal cortex is most superficial?
Zona glomerulosa
What is the function of glucocorticoids in the body?
Accelerating breakdown of proteins and lipids
Study Notes
Adrenal Glands Overview
- Aldosterone is secreted by the zona glomerulosa, the outermost layer of the adrenal cortex.
- Glucocorticoids, such as cortisol, are secreted by the zona fasciculata, the middle layer of the adrenal cortex.
- Glucocorticoids play a critical role in regulating metabolism, immune response, and stress response; they help maintain blood glucose levels and suppress inflammation.
Hormones of the Adrenal Medulla
- The adrenal medulla releases catecholamines, predominantly epinephrine and norepinephrine.
- Epinephrine (adrenaline) primarily functions to prepare the body for fight-or-flight responses, increasing heart rate, blood flow to muscles, and energy availability.
Structure of Adrenal Cortex
- The adrenal cortex has three layers:
- Zona glomerulosa (most superficial) - secretes aldosterone.
- Zona fasciculata (middle) - secretes glucocorticoids, such as cortisol.
- Zona reticularis (most deep) - secretes gonadocorticoids (sex hormones).
Function of Gonadocorticoids
- Gonadocorticoids, produced by the zona reticularis, are involved in the development of secondary sexual characteristics and influence reproductive function.
Sympathetic Nervous System Connection
- The adrenal medulla is directly related to the sympathetic nervous system, acting as an endocrine extension that releases hormones in response to stress stimuli.
Test your knowledge of the adrenal glands and their functions with this quiz. Learn about the different regions, hormones, and functions of these vital organs located on top of the kidneys.
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