What is the role of 5' capping and polyadenylation in mRNA stability and translation?
Understand the Problem
The question is discussing the process of RNA editing, specifically focusing on the human protein APOB and the functions of 5' capping and polyadenylation in mRNA stability and translation.
Answer
5' cap and poly(A) tail protect mRNA from degradation and enhance translation.
The 5' cap and poly(A) tail of mRNA protect it from degradation, aid in nuclear export, and enhance translation efficiency by helping ribosome binding.
Answer for screen readers
The 5' cap and poly(A) tail of mRNA protect it from degradation, aid in nuclear export, and enhance translation efficiency by helping ribosome binding.
More Information
The 5' cap includes a methylated guanine molecule at the mRNA's start, protecting it from exonucleases and helping the ribosome recognize the mRNA for translation. The poly(A) tail is a string of adenine nucleotides that also aids in mRNA stability and export from the nucleus.
Tips
A common mistake is thinking the 5' cap and poly(A) tail only help with translation initiation. They also protect the mRNA from degradation and facilitate its export from the nucleus.
Sources
- mRNA capping: biological functions and applications - PMC - NCBI - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Roles of mRNA poly(A) tails in regulation of eukaryotic gene ... - NCBI - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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