What are α and β receptors?
Understand the Problem
The question is asking for information about α and β receptors and their roles regarding catecholamines, including their locations, effects when activated, and associated medications. It also explores the significance of these receptors in medical scenarios, especially regarding the USMLE exam.
Answer
α receptors mediate contraction and vasoconstriction while β receptors mediate vasodilation, relaxation, bronchodilation, and cardiac function.
Alpha (α) adrenoceptors mediate smooth muscle contraction and vasoconstriction, while beta (β) receptors mediate vasodilation, smooth muscle relaxation, bronchodilation, and excitatory cardiac function.
Answer for screen readers
Alpha (α) adrenoceptors mediate smooth muscle contraction and vasoconstriction, while beta (β) receptors mediate vasodilation, smooth muscle relaxation, bronchodilation, and excitatory cardiac function.
More Information
Alpha receptors are mainly involved in effects such as pupillary dilation and glycogenolysis, while beta receptors are also significant in modulating metabolic processes like lipolysis.
Tips
Avoid confusing the physiological effects of alpha and beta receptors, as they often have opposite functions in tissues.
Sources
- α- and β-Adrenergic Receptors - Basic Neurochemistry - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Alpha & Beta Adrenergic Receptors | Overview & Difference - Lesson - study.com
- Adrenergic Receptor - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics - sciencedirect.com
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