The three vectors A = -4i - 6j - 2k, B = -i + 4j + 3k, C = -8i - j + 3k are?

Question image

Understand the Problem

The question is asking to determine the relationship among three given vectors in terms of their spatial configuration, specifically whether they are coplanar or non-coplanar.

Answer

The three vectors are coplanar.
Answer for screen readers

The three vectors are coplanar.

Steps to Solve

  1. Construct the vectors Identify the vectors given in the problem:
    $$ \mathbf{A} = -4 \mathbf{i} - 6 \mathbf{j} - 2 \mathbf{k} $$
    $$ \mathbf{B} = -\mathbf{i} + 4 \mathbf{j} + 3 \mathbf{k} $$
    $$ \mathbf{C} = -8 \mathbf{i} - \mathbf{j} + 3 \mathbf{k} $$

  2. Set up the determinant To check if the vectors are coplanar, we can use the determinant of the matrix formed by the vectors. The vectors are coplanar if the determinant is zero.

Set up the matrix with the vectors as rows: $$ \begin{vmatrix} -4 & -6 & -2 \ -1 & 4 & 3 \ -8 & -1 & 3 \end{vmatrix} $$

  1. Calculate the determinant Calculating the determinant using the formula for a 3x3 matrix: $$ \text{Det} = a(ei - fh) - b(di - fg) + c(dh - eg) $$
    For our matrix:
  • ( a = -4, b = -6, c = -2 )
  • ( d = -1, e = 4, f = 3 )
  • ( g = -8, h = -1, i = 3 )

This gives: $$ \text{Det} = -4(4 \cdot 3 - 3 \cdot -1) - (-6)(-1 \cdot 3 - 3 \cdot -8) + (-2)(-1 \cdot -1 - 4 \cdot -8) $$

  1. Simplify and solve for the determinant Calculate the individual components:
  • First term: ( -4(12 + 3) = -4 \cdot 15 = -60 )
  • Second term: ( -6(-3 + 24) = -6 \cdot 21 = -126 )
  • Third term: ( -2(1 + 32) = -2 \cdot 33 = -66 )

Putting it together: $$ \text{Det} = -60 + 126 - 66 = 0 $$

  1. Conclusion Since the determinant is 0, the vectors are coplanar.

The three vectors are coplanar.

More Information

In a three-dimensional space, vectors are coplanar if they lie in the same plane. This can be tested using the determinant of their matrix representation. A determinant of zero indicates that the vectors do not span three-dimensional space, confirming coplanarity.

Tips

  • Confusing coplanarity with parallelism; coplanar vectors can be parallel or non-parallel.
  • Miscalculating the determinant; ensure all steps of the determinant calculation are followed carefully.

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