Compare/contrast terrestrial planets with gas giants. What happens in the core of the Sun? Explain what causes the auroras. Convert km to AU and AU to km. What’s the difference bet... Compare/contrast terrestrial planets with gas giants. What happens in the core of the Sun? Explain what causes the auroras. Convert km to AU and AU to km. What’s the difference between planets and dwarf planets? Explain how Earth’s tilt causes the seasons. Moon phases and what causes them. Distinguish between solar and lunar eclipse in what we see, also where the Sun, Earth and Moon are located. How does the moon cause tides? How did ancient civilizations rely on the Sun and stars? Distinguish between natural and artificial satellites. Different types of satellite orbits. Canada’s contributions to satellite technology.

Understand the Problem

The question is asking to address various concepts related to astronomy and planetary science, including comparisons of planetary types, solar phenomena, lunar phases, eclipses, tides, and contributions of specific civilizations and countries to space technology.

Answer

Answers include differences between terrestrial and gas giant planets, nuclear fusion in Sun's core, causes of auroras, conversions between AU and km, differences between planets and dwarf planets, Earth's tilt causing seasons, moon phases, solar and lunar eclipses, moon causing tides, ancient reliance on Sun and stars, natural vs artificial satellites, satellite orbits, and Canada's satellite contributions.

Here are the answers to the questions:

  1. Terrestrial planets are rocky, smaller, and closer to the Sun, while gas giants are larger, composed primarily of gases, and are further from the Sun.
  2. The Sun's core is where nuclear fusion occurs, converting hydrogen into helium and releasing energy.
  3. Auroras are caused by the interaction of solar wind with Earth's magnetic field, generating light near the poles.
  4. 1 AU (Astronomical Unit) is approximately 149,597,870.7 km. To convert km to AU, divide the km by 149,597,870.7, and to convert AU to km, multiply AU by 149,597,870.7.
  5. Planets clear their orbit and are larger, while dwarf planets do not clear their orbit.
  6. Earth’s tilt causes seasons by changing the intensity and duration of sunlight received as Earth revolves around the Sun.
  7. Moon phases are caused by the changing positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun, causing varying illumination of the Moon.
  8. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon is between the Earth and Sun, a lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth is between the Sun and Moon.
  9. Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun on Earth’s oceans.
  10. Ancient civilizations used the Sun and stars for navigation, agricultural planning, and as calendrical systems.
  11. Natural satellites are celestial bodies that orbit a planet, artificial satellites are man-made and serve various purposes, such as communication.
  12. Satellite orbits vary: low Earth orbits, medium Earth orbits, and geostationary orbits.
  13. Canada’s contributions include the development of space robotics, satellite communications, and Earth observation satellites.
Answer for screen readers

Here are the answers to the questions:

  1. Terrestrial planets are rocky, smaller, and closer to the Sun, while gas giants are larger, composed primarily of gases, and are further from the Sun.
  2. The Sun's core is where nuclear fusion occurs, converting hydrogen into helium and releasing energy.
  3. Auroras are caused by the interaction of solar wind with Earth's magnetic field, generating light near the poles.
  4. 1 AU (Astronomical Unit) is approximately 149,597,870.7 km. To convert km to AU, divide the km by 149,597,870.7, and to convert AU to km, multiply AU by 149,597,870.7.
  5. Planets clear their orbit and are larger, while dwarf planets do not clear their orbit.
  6. Earth’s tilt causes seasons by changing the intensity and duration of sunlight received as Earth revolves around the Sun.
  7. Moon phases are caused by the changing positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun, causing varying illumination of the Moon.
  8. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon is between the Earth and Sun, a lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth is between the Sun and Moon.
  9. Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun on Earth’s oceans.
  10. Ancient civilizations used the Sun and stars for navigation, agricultural planning, and as calendrical systems.
  11. Natural satellites are celestial bodies that orbit a planet, artificial satellites are man-made and serve various purposes, such as communication.
  12. Satellite orbits vary: low Earth orbits, medium Earth orbits, and geostationary orbits.
  13. Canada’s contributions include the development of space robotics, satellite communications, and Earth observation satellites.

More Information

The Sun's nuclear fusion process is critical for life on Earth as it provides light and warmth. Fun fact: auroras can also occur on other planets with magnetic fields, like Jupiter and Saturn. Canada's Canadarm has been pivotal in space exploration.

Tips

Common mistakes include confusing solar and lunar eclipses by forgetting the positions of the Earth, Sun, and Moon. Remember that the Sun's direct light is necessary for a solar eclipse and Earth's shadow is necessary for a lunar eclipse.

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