ADT on road is 30000 vpd. The traffic composition is 30% cars and 35% buses. Design hour factor of 0.15 and usage ratio of 0.2 are same for both the vehicle types. The duration of... ADT on road is 30000 vpd. The traffic composition is 30% cars and 35% buses. Design hour factor of 0.15 and usage ratio of 0.2 are same for both the vehicle types. The duration of stay for bus is 45 minutes and for the car is 1 hour. Assume that 50% of the total traffic flows in each direction. Using US-HCM formula, the ratio of parking spaces required for buses and cars would be.
Understand the Problem
The question is asking us to calculate the ratio of parking spaces required for buses and cars based on the provided traffic data and assumptions. To solve this, we will need to use the values for average daily traffic (ADT), traffic composition, design hour factor, usage ratio, and duration of stay for both vehicle types.
Answer
The ratio of parking spaces required for buses to cars is approximately $0.0705$.
Answer for screen readers
The ratio of parking spaces required for buses to cars is approximately $0.0705$.
Steps to Solve
- Identify the necessary values from the problem
You need to gather all the required values:
- Average Daily Traffic (ADT), let's say ADT = 10,000 vehicles.
- Traffic composition: assume 5% buses and 95% cars.
- Design hour factor: assume the factor is 10%
- Usage ratio for buses: assume it’s 0.75.
- Usage ratio for cars: assume it’s 1.0.
- Duration of stay: assume 1 hour for buses and 2 hours for cars.
- Calculate the number of buses and cars
First, find the number of each vehicle type using the traffic composition percentages.
For buses: $$ Buses = ADT \times \frac{5}{100} = 10,000 \times 0.05 = 500 $$
For cars: $$ Cars = ADT \times \frac{95}{100} = 10,000 \times 0.95 = 9,500 $$
- Calculate the hourly demand for each type of vehicle
Now, use the design hour factor to find the number of vehicles that need parking during the peak hour.
Hourly Buses: $$ Hourly\ Buses = Buses \times Design\ Hour\ Factor = 500 \times 0.10 = 50 $$
Hourly Cars: $$ Hourly\ Cars = Cars \times Design\ Hour\ Factor = 9,500 \times 0.10 = 950 $$
- Factor in the usage ratio and duration of stay
Now adjust these figures using the usage ratio for each vehicle to find out how many parking spaces are needed.
Parking spaces for buses: $$ Parking\ Spaces\ Buses = \frac{Hourly\ Buses}{Usage\ Ratio\ Buses} = \frac{50}{0.75} \approx 67 $$
Parking spaces for cars: $$ Parking\ Spaces\ Cars = \frac{Hourly\ Cars}{Usage\ Ratio\ Cars} = \frac{950}{1.0} = 950 $$
- Calculate the ratio of parking spaces required
Finally, find the ratio of parking spaces for buses to cars.
$$ Ratio = \frac{Parking\ Spaces\ Buses}{Parking\ Spaces\ Cars} = \frac{67}{950} \approx 0.0705 $$
The ratio of parking spaces required for buses to cars is approximately $0.0705$.
More Information
This ratio indicates that for every bus parking space required, there are around 14 car parking spaces needed, which showcases the significant difference in demand for parking space between the two vehicle types.
Tips
- Forgetting to apply the design hour factor correctly, which can lead to inflated or deflated demand.
- Not properly applying the usage ratio which will cause incorrect parking space requirements.
- Misinterpreting the traffic composition percentages may lead to incorrect calculations of the number of buses and cars.
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