1. How does phosphorylation control the enzyme? 2. Uncompetitive vs Competitive inhibitors. 3. Why do enzymes not work best at extreme pH and temperature? 4. How does end-product i... 1. How does phosphorylation control the enzyme? 2. Uncompetitive vs Competitive inhibitors. 3. Why do enzymes not work best at extreme pH and temperature? 4. How does end-product inhibition affect the activity of enzymes? 5. Explain about enzyme transition state in short.
Understand the Problem
The question is asking about various aspects of enzyme function and regulation, specifically relating to phosphorylation, competitive vs non-competitive inhibition, reasons for suboptimal enzyme performance at extreme temperatures, and the effect of end-product inhibition on enzyme activity. These topics are related to biochemistry.
Answer
1. Alters enzyme activity; 2. Bind differently; 3. Denature enzymes; 4. Reduces activity; 5. Stabilizes high-energy state.
- Phosphorylation controls enzymes by adding phosphate groups, altering their conformation and subsequent activity. 2. Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, while uncompetitive inhibitors bind to the enzyme-substrate complex. 3. Extreme pH and temperatures denature enzymes, disrupting their active sites. 4. End-product inhibition reduces enzymatic activity by the final product inhibiting the initial enzyme. 5. The enzyme transition state is a high-energy state during substrate conversion, stabilized by the enzyme to facilitate the reaction.
Answer for screen readers
- Phosphorylation controls enzymes by adding phosphate groups, altering their conformation and subsequent activity. 2. Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, while uncompetitive inhibitors bind to the enzyme-substrate complex. 3. Extreme pH and temperatures denature enzymes, disrupting their active sites. 4. End-product inhibition reduces enzymatic activity by the final product inhibiting the initial enzyme. 5. The enzyme transition state is a high-energy state during substrate conversion, stabilized by the enzyme to facilitate the reaction.
More Information
Phosphorylation is vital for regulating metabolic pathways, affecting enzymes like kinases. Uncompetitive and competitive inhibition both regulate enzyme activity effectively but in different contexts. Extreme conditions often cause irreversible damage to enzyme structures. Transition states are central to understanding enzyme kinetics and catalysis.
Tips
Confusing uncompetitive with competitive inhibition is common. Remember that uncompetitive inhibitors bind only when the substrate is bound.
Sources
- Enzyme regulation (article) | Khan Academy - khanacademy.org
- Enzyme inhibitor - Wikipedia - en.wikipedia.org
- 6.5 Enzymes - Biology 2e | OpenStax - openstax.org
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