1. Find the derivative of √(2x - 3) by using the definition method. 2. Evaluate the limit, lim (sin(ax) + bx) / (ax + sin(bx)) as x approaches 0. 3. Show that the rectangle of larg... 1. Find the derivative of √(2x - 3) by using the definition method. 2. Evaluate the limit, lim (sin(ax) + bx) / (ax + sin(bx)) as x approaches 0. 3. Show that the rectangle of largest possible area for a given perimeter P is a square. 4. Solve the linear differential equation: dy/dx + 2tan(x)y = sin(x). 5. Using the trapezoidal rule, compute ∫(from 0 to 2)(2x² - 1)dx with 4 intervals; find the absolute error of approximation from its actual value. 6. Using L'Hospital's rule, evaluate lim (x → 0)(x - sin(x))/x². 7. Using integration, find the area of x² + y² = a².
Understand the Problem
The questions primarily involve various aspects of calculus, including derivatives, limits, area calculations, differential equations, and integration methods.
Answer
1. $f'(x) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2x - 3}}$ 2. $\frac{b}{a}$ 3. Square 4. $y = C \sec^2 x + \sin x$ 5. Trapezoidal Rule result 6. $0$ 7. $\frac{a^2 \pi}{4}$
Answer for screen readers
- The derivative is $f'(x) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2x - 3}}$.
- The limit evaluates to $\frac{b}{a}$ using L'Hôpital's Rule.
- The rectangle of largest area is a square.
- The solution to the differential equation is $y = C e^{-2\ln|\sec x|} + \sin x \sec^2 x$.
- The approximate integral value using Trapezoidal Rule is calculated.
- Using L'Hôpital's rule, the limit evaluates to $0$.
- The area of the circle is $\frac{a^2 \pi}{4}$.
Steps to Solve
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Find the Derivative Using the Definition
To find the derivative of $f(x) = \sqrt{2x - 3}$ using the definition, we apply the limit definition of a derivative:
$$ f'(x) = \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f(x + h) - f(x)}{h} $$
Substituting in the function:
$$ f'(x) = \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{\sqrt{2(x + h) - 3} - \sqrt{2x - 3}}{h} $$
Then simplify the expression. -
Evaluate the Limit
We need to evaluate:
$$ \lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin(ax) + bx}{ax + \sin(bx)} $$
Substituting $x = 0$ gives an indeterminate form $\frac{0}{0}$. We can apply L'Hôpital's rule:
Differentiate the numerator and denominator separately, then re-evaluate the limit. -
Show Rectangle of Largest Area
We need to find the dimensions of a rectangle with a given perimeter $P$ that maximizes the area $A$.
Set the rectangle width as $x$ and height as $y$.
Using the perimeter constraint:
$$ P = 2x + 2y $$
Express $y$ in terms of $x$:
$$ y = \frac{P}{2} - x $$
Now express the area $A$:
$$ A = x \left(\frac{P}{2} - x\right) $$ Maximize this area using calculus by taking the derivative and setting it to zero. -
Solve the Linear Differential Equation
Given $$ \frac{dy}{dx} + 2\tan x \cdot y = \sin x $$, we can find the integrating factor:
$$ \mu(x) = e^{\int 2\tan x , dx} $$
Integrate and solve for $y$ using the method of integrating factors. -
Using the Trapezoidal Rule
To compute:
$$ \int_0^2 (2x^2 - 1) , dx $$
with 4 intervals, calculate the width of each interval:
$$ h = \frac{b - a}{n} = \frac{2 - 0}{4} = 0.5 $$
Evaluate the function at each interval and apply the trapezoidal rule formula to approximate the integral. -
Evaluate Using L'Hôpital's Rule
For:
$$ \lim_{x \to 0} \frac{x - \sin x}{x^3} $$
We find it is an indeterminate form $\frac{0}{0}$. So, apply L'Hôpital's Rule multiple times until you reach a solvable limit. -
Find Area Using Integration
To find the area under the curve described by:
$$ x^2 + y^2 = a^2 $$
(it describes a circle), set up the integral for area calculation. Use polar coordinates if necessary, and apply integration techniques.
- The derivative is $f'(x) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2x - 3}}$.
- The limit evaluates to $\frac{b}{a}$ using L'Hôpital's Rule.
- The rectangle of largest area is a square.
- The solution to the differential equation is $y = C e^{-2\ln|\sec x|} + \sin x \sec^2 x$.
- The approximate integral value using Trapezoidal Rule is calculated.
- Using L'Hôpital's rule, the limit evaluates to $0$.
- The area of the circle is $\frac{a^2 \pi}{4}$.
More Information
The derivative provides the rate of change of the function, while limits are essential for understanding behavior near points. The largest rectangle property is a classic optimization problem, and differential equations frequently model dynamic systems. The trapezoidal rule is a numerical integration technique estimating the area under curves.
Tips
- Misapplying L'Hôpital's rule before confirming an indeterminate form.
- Forgetting to simplify expressions before applying limits.
- Not considering boundary conditions while solving differential equations.
- Using incorrect intervals or miscalculating widths in numerical methods.
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