Virology Quiz: Adenoviruses and Poxviruses
42 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the genetic material of adenoviruses?

  • dsDNA (correct)
  • ssDNA
  • dsRNA
  • ssRNA
  • Which of the following is NOT a feature of poxviruses?

  • Non-enveloped (correct)
  • Complex morphology
  • Replicates in cytoplasm
  • Enveloped
  • What is the primary route of transmission for variola, the virus that causes smallpox?

  • Fecal-oral route
  • Vector-borne transmission
  • Direct contact
  • Respiratory route (correct)
  • Which of the following viruses is NOT a poxvirus?

    <p>Adenovirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical reservoir for monkeypox?

    <p>Monkeys and wild squirrels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are adenoviruses typically transmitted from human to human?

    <p>Respiratory route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the penton and fibers in adenovirus attachment?

    <p>Hemagglutinin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the occupation most at risk for developing parapoxvirus infection?

    <p>Milker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range of boys who are commonly affected by occupational diseases related to rotavirus?

    <p>5-15</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in hospitalized patients?

    <p>Rotavirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups is most likely to be affected by occupational diseases related to rotavirus?

    <p>Farmers, shepherds, slaughterhouse workers, and butchers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the inclusion bodies produced by rotavirus?

    <p>Eosinophilic cytoplasmic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment approach for immunocompromised patients infected with rotavirus?

    <p>Cidofovir + alpha globulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnostic method that detects Guarnieri bodies in infected cells?

    <p>Cell culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the complication of rotavirus infection that affects the heart?

    <p>Myocarditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the serotype of rotavirus commonly associated with gastroenteritis?

    <p>Rotavirus 40-41</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary target cell of Epstein-Barr virus?

    <p>B cells + epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common disease caused by Cytomegalovirus?

    <p>Cytomegalic inclusion disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the route of transmission of HHV-5?

    <p>Parenteral, transplacental, and respiratory droplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease caused by HHV-8?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus in immunocompromised individuals?

    <p>Lymphoproliferative disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the rash caused by HHV-6?

    <p>Lacy body rash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of Epstein-Barr virus infection in B cells?

    <p>Induction of mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus in normal individuals?

    <p>Heterophile-positive mononucleosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the cells seen in the peripheral blood of patients with infectious mononucleosis?

    <p>Downey cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the virus that causes Kaposi sarcoma?

    <p>HHV-8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of entry for Variola?

    <p>Inhalation of contaminated droplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells is permissive to Variola, allowing the virus to be produced?

    <p>Mucoepithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the rash in Variola infection?

    <p>Synchronous development of vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical incubation period for Variola?

    <p>5-17 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of the acute respiratory disease caused by Variola?

    <p>Diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the rash in Molluscum infection?

    <p>Replication in dermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a complication of Variola infection?

    <p>Erythema multiforme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Orf lesions?

    <p>Large and granulomatous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary target of Rubeola virus infection?

    <p>Throat, airways, and lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common age range for infection by Rubeola virus?

    <p>Infants and young children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission for Rubeola virus?

    <p>Droplets, direct contact, and fomites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reservoir for Rubeola virus?

    <p>Humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the seasonality of Rubeola virus infection?

    <p>Winter months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the Strain A of Rubeola virus?

    <p>More common than Strain B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the critical period for transmission of Rubeola virus?

    <p>3 days before to 4 days after onset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the zoonotic potential of Rubeola virus?

    <p>Severe and fatal in humans and animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Adenoviruses

    • Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), nonenveloped viruses
    • Hexons, Pentons, and Fibers form the virus structure
    • Over 50 serotypes, with most prevalent serotypes 1-7
    • Subgroup A-F
    • Most infections are asymptomatic
    • Primarily infect children, with less common infections in adults
    • Reactivated virus occurs in immunocompromised children and adults

    Poxviruses

    • Large, dsDNA, enveloped viruses with complex morphology
    • Replicate in the cytoplasm, potential biowarfare agents
    • Viriola: 1 serotype, eradicated through vaccination with vaccinia viruses
    • Vaccinia (vaccine strain): a hybrid of cowpox and variola
    • Molluscum contagiosum and orf cause occupational diseases in ungulates and humans

    Parapoxvirus

    • Infects ungulates, causing human occupational diseases
    • Examples include orf (sheep) and milker's nodes (cow)

    Transmission and Reservoir

    • Adenoviruses: human-to-human transmission through respiratory, fecal-oral, and direct contact routes
    • Adenoviruses: humans and animals as reservoirs
    • Poxviruses: variola (smallpox) has humans as a reservoir, while cowpox has rodents as a reservoir
    • Poxviruses: transmission through respiratory, direct contact, and milking cows

    Pathogenesis

    • Adenoviruses: penton and fibers act as hemagglutinin (attachment), with penton being toxic to cells
    • Adenoviruses: undergo lytic, latent, and transforming cycles
    • Poxviruses: enter the upper respiratory tract, spreading through lymphatics, and causing viremia and infection of skin and internal organs

    Disease

    • Adenoviruses: cause acute respiratory disease, pneumonia, and gastroenteritis
    • Poxviruses: cause variola (smallpox), molluscum contagiosum, and orf

    Diagnosis and Treatment

    • Adenoviruses: diagnosed through serology, ELISA, and cell culture
    • Adenoviruses: treated with supportive care, with cidofovir and alpha-globulin used in immunocompromised patients
    • Poxviruses: diagnosed through clinical evaluation, Guarnieri bodies, and eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies
    • Poxviruses: treated with supportive care

    Gammaherpesvirus (HHV-4)

    • Targets B cells and epithelial cells
    • Latency in B cells
    • Reservoir: human
    • Transmission: through saliva (kissing disease)
    • Pathogenesis: infects nasopharyngeal epithelial cells, salivary glands, and lymphoid tissue
    • Disease: causes heterophile-positive mononucleosis (kissing disease)

    Gammaherpesvirus (HHV-8)

    • Targets lymphocytes and other cells
    • Latency in B cells
    • Reservoir: human
    • Transmission: through sexual contact, saliva, and vertical transmission
    • Pathogenesis: causes development of Kaposi sarcoma
    • Disease: causes Kaposi sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman's disease

    Betaherpesvirus (HHV-5)

    • Targets monocytes, lymphocytes, and epithelial cells
    • Latency in monocytes and lymphocytes
    • Reservoir: human
    • Transmission: through saliva, sexual contact, parenteral, and transplacental routes
    • Pathogenesis: replicates in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
    • Disease: causes cytomegalic inclusion disease

    Betaherpesvirus (HHV-6 and HHV-7)

    • Targets T cells
    • Latency in T cells
    • Reservoir: human
    • Transmission: through respiratory droplets
    • Pathogenesis: replicates in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
    • Disease: causes roseola (exanthem subitum)

    Other Viruses

    • Avian influenza virus: affects birds, contagious, and harmful to poultry
    • Emerging zoonosis: severe and fatal in horses and humans
    • Severe and fatal disease in animals and humans

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Micro Final Past Paper PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the features and characteristics of adenoviruses and poxviruses, including their morphology, replication, and effects on humans and animals.

    More Like This

    Adenovirus Morphology
    470 questions

    Adenovirus Morphology

    UnwaveringMossAgate avatar
    UnwaveringMossAgate
    Adenoviruses Overview
    18 questions

    Adenoviruses Overview

    SubsidizedSanctuary avatar
    SubsidizedSanctuary
    Adenovirus
    6 questions

    Adenovirus

    PrivilegedCoralReef avatar
    PrivilegedCoralReef
    Virus Classification and Families
    10 questions

    Virus Classification and Families

    ConstructiveVorticism3833 avatar
    ConstructiveVorticism3833
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser