Viral Infections: Varicella-Zoster and More

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Questions and Answers

Which viral disease is associated with lesions primarily in the mouth and throat?

Genital herpes

Herpangina (correct)

Burkitt lymphoma

Glandular fever

What is the primary cause of hairy leukoplakia?

Epstein-Barr virus

HIV-associated infection (correct)

Cytomegalovirus

Human papillomavirus

Which of the following is NOT a symptom commonly associated with mumps?

Fever

Rash on the skin (correct)

Headache

Swollen salivary glands

Which infectious condition is often misdiagnosed as a common cold due to similar symptoms?

Glandular fever Signup and view all the answers

Which of these diseases is primarily linked to enteroviruses and typically affects young children?

Hand, foot, and mouth disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV 1)?

Causes orofacial lesions Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of the UK Health Security Agency's modeling regarding MMR vaccination rates in London?

Improved vaccination rates could prevent tens of thousands of cases Signup and view all the answers

What might happen to London if MMR vaccination rates do not improve?

An outbreak with tens of thousands of cases Signup and view all the answers

Which Herpes Simplex Virus type primarily causes lesions on the genitals?

Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 Signup and view all the answers

What are Koplik's Spots associated with?

Measles infection Signup and view all the answers

What virus is responsible for causing infectious mononucleosis?

Epstein-Barr virus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the rash associated with measles?

Exanthematous Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible complication of mumps in males?

Infertility Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection?

Burkitt’s Lymphoma Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is NOT commonly associated with measles?

Bone fractures Signup and view all the answers

What is the infectious mechanism of measles?

Air droplets & surfaces Signup and view all the answers

What is a serious complication that can arise from measles?

Temporary hearing loss Signup and view all the answers

How does Epstein-Barr virus remain in the human body once infected?

It remains dormant in B-lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of Varicella in children?

It is usually mild and self-managed. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Herpangina from other viral infections in the mouth?

It presents with vesicles in the mouth. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk factor for adults contracting Varicella?

Higher severity of symptoms. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following routes contributes to the transmission of Hand Foot & Mouth disease?

Air, coughing, fecal contact, and contaminated objects. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic finding in Ramsay Hunt Syndrome associated with Shingles?

Vesicular rash on the tympanic membrane. Signup and view all the answers

Which virus primarily causes Herpangina?

Coxsackie A virus. Signup and view all the answers

How does the rash in shingles differ from that in chickenpox?

It is less itchy. Signup and view all the answers

What common symptom is shared between most viral infections of the oral cavity?

Vesicles. Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of contracting Epstein-Barr virus later in life?

Consequences may include infective mononucleosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the rash associated with Varicella?

It progresses from papules to vesicular lesions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common trigger for the activation of secondary herpes symptoms?

Sunlight Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommendation for managing herpes symptoms?

Eating spicy hot foods Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary type of herpes infection associated with cold sores?

Herpes Labialis Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method to prevent the spread of herpes during an outbreak?

Isolation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the management of herpes infections?

Supportive care and symptom management Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an inappropriate action during an active herpes outbreak?

Touching the affected area Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions should a person with herpes seek referral?

If symptoms worsen or persistence occurs Signup and view all the answers

What underlying condition can contribute to the stimulation of secondary herpes symptoms?

Immunosuppression Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Varicella-Zoster

Varicella-Zoster is caused by the human herpes virus 3.
Chickenpox and Shingles are two different manifestations of Varicella-Zoster.
Chickenpox is usually mild and self-managed.
Shingles occurs when the virus reactivates in adults.

Hand Foot & Mouth Disease

Most often caused by group A coxsackie viruses.
Transmitted via air, coughing, faecal contact, and contaminated objects.
Common in nurseries.

Herpangina

Caused by Coxsackie A virus.
Symptoms include malaise, sore throat, and vesicles in the mouth.
Transmitted via faecal-oral route or air droplets.

Epstein-Barr Virus

The most common cause of Infectious Mononucleosis (Glandular Fever).
Remains latent in B-lymphocytes after primary infection.
Can cause Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Burkitt's Lymphoma, and Oral Hairy Leukoplasia.

Mumps

Commonly occurs in childhood.
Causes parotitis.
Can cause complications such as swollen testicles, ovaries, temporary hearing loss, viral meningitis, and acute pancreatitis.

Measles

Highly infectious disease spread through air droplets and surfaces.
Causes a characteristic exanthematous rash.
Complications include stillbirth, miscarriage, vision loss, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), fits and seizures, and encephalitis.

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

HSV1 and HSV2 cause lesions above and below the belt, respectively.
Primary infection can manifest as gingivostomatitis, herpetic whitlow, encephalitis, or genital herpes.
Secondary infection is triggered by stress, trauma, sunlight, menstruation, immunosuppression, and fatigue.

Herpes Labialis (Cold Sore)

Common advice includes eating cool soft foods, avoiding triggers, using NSAIDs, cold compresses, sunblock, hydration, and rest.
To prevent spread, isolation, no kissing or oral sex is recommended.

Herpes Simplex: General Management

Staff protection focuses on infection control, management of symptoms, and patient recognition.
Referral for further evaluation should be considered.

HIV

Refer to Sexually Transmitted Disease for more information.

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Description

This quiz covers key viral infections including Varicella-Zoster, Hand Foot & Mouth Disease, Herpangina, Epstein-Barr Virus, and Mumps. Explore the symptoms, transmission, and complications associated with each virus. Ideal for students studying virology or infectious diseases.