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Questions and Answers
Which vein is located near the superficial epigastric vein?
Which vein is located near the superficial epigastric vein?
Which vein drains into the axillary vein?
Which vein drains into the axillary vein?
Which vein is formed by the union of the right and left common iliac veins?
Which vein is formed by the union of the right and left common iliac veins?
Which vein drains blood from the spleen?
Which vein drains blood from the spleen?
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What is the function of the left gastric artery?
What is the function of the left gastric artery?
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What is a branch of the common hepatic artery?
What is a branch of the common hepatic artery?
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What is the function of the right gastro-epiploic artery?
What is the function of the right gastro-epiploic artery?
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What is a symptom of Marfan syndrome?
What is a symptom of Marfan syndrome?
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What is the location of the thoracic aorta?
What is the location of the thoracic aorta?
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What affects the elasticity of blood vessels in Marfan syndrome?
What affects the elasticity of blood vessels in Marfan syndrome?
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Which of the following arteries supplies the esophagus?
Which of the following arteries supplies the esophagus?
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What is the function of the superior rectal artery?
What is the function of the superior rectal artery?
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What is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery?
What is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery?
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What is the location of the abdominal aorta?
What is the location of the abdominal aorta?
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What is a characteristic of Marfan syndrome?
What is a characteristic of Marfan syndrome?
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Which of the following arteries is not a branch of the abdominal aorta?
Which of the following arteries is not a branch of the abdominal aorta?
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What is the name of the artery that supplies the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus?
What is the name of the artery that supplies the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus?
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What is affected in Marfan syndrome?
What is affected in Marfan syndrome?
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What is a complication of Marfan syndrome?
What is a complication of Marfan syndrome?
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Where does the celiac trunk arise from?
Where does the celiac trunk arise from?
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Which of the following is a branch of the internal iliac artery?
Which of the following is a branch of the internal iliac artery?
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What is the name of the artery that supplies the lumbar region?
What is the name of the artery that supplies the lumbar region?
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What is the name of the artery that supplies the adrenal glands?
What is the name of the artery that supplies the adrenal glands?
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Which of the following structures is closely related to the thoracic aorta?
Which of the following structures is closely related to the thoracic aorta?
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Study Notes
Veins of the Torso
Lower Limbs
- The great saphenous vein is located on the left side of the leg
- The lateral circumflex femoral vein and medial circumflex femoral vein are also located on the left side of the leg
- The femoral vein is located on the left side of the leg
Abdominal Wall
- The superficial epigastric vein is located on the left side of the abdomen
- The paraumbilical branches are located near the superficial epigastric vein
- The thoracoepigastric vein is located near the axillary vein
Arms
- The basilic vein is located on the right side of the arm
- The axillary vein is located on the right side of the arm
- The cephalic vein is located on the left side of the arm
Neck
- The right internal jugular vein is located on the right side of the neck
- The external jugular vein is located on the right side of the neck
- The facial vein is located on the right side of the neck, draining the upper head structure
- The superficial temporal vein is located on the right side of the neck, draining the temple
- The occipital vein is located on the right side of the neck, draining the back of the head
Thoracic Cavity
- The cephalic vein drains into the axillary vein
- The axillary vein feeds into the subclavian vein
- The subclavian vein joins with the internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein
- The brachiocephalic vein drains into the superior vena cava
- The superior vena cava empties into the right atrium
Intercostal Veins
- The left posterior intercostal vein is located on the left side of the thoracic cavity
- The hemiazygos vein feeds into the accessory hemiazygos vein
- The accessory hemiazygos vein is located on the left side of the thoracic cavity
Anterior Intercostal Veins
- The left anterior intercostal vein is located on the left side of the thoracic cavity
- The internal thoracic vein (or mammary vein) is located on the left side of the thoracic cavity
Pulmonary Vessels
- The right pulmonary artery is located on the right side of the thoracic cavity
- The right pulmonary vein is located on the right side of the thoracic cavity
- The left pulmonary artery is located on the left side of the thoracic cavity
- The left pulmonary vein is located on the left side of the thoracic cavity
Abdominal Cavity
- The azygos portal vein is located in the abdominal cavity, bringing blood from the GI tract to the liver
- The inferior vena cava is located in the abdominal cavity, receiving blood from the azygos portal vein
Intestinal Insert
- The superior mesenteric vein is located on the right side of the intestinal insert
- The inferior mesenteric vein is located on the left side of the intestinal insert
- The splenic vein is located on the left side of the intestinal insert, draining blood from the spleen
Posterior Abdominal Wall
- The right external iliac vein is located on the right side of the posterior abdominal wall
- The right common iliac vein is located on the right side of the posterior abdominal wall
- The left common iliac vein is located on the left side of the posterior abdominal wall
- The inferior vena cava is formed by the union of the right and left common iliac veins
- The right gonadal vein is located on the right side of the posterior abdominal wall
- The left gonadal vein is located on the left side of the posterior abdominal wall
- The right renal vein is located on the right side of the posterior abdominal wall
- The left renal vein is located on the left side of the posterior abdominal wall
- The left adrenal vein (or left suprarenal vein) is located on the left side of the posterior abdominal wall
- The inferior phrenic vein is located on the left side of the posterior abdominal wall, draining blood from the diaphragm
Veins of the Torso
Lower Limbs
- The great saphenous vein, lateral circumflex femoral vein, and medial circumflex femoral vein are located on the left side of the leg.
- The femoral vein is also located on the left side of the leg.
Abdominal Wall
- The superficial epigastric vein is located on the left side of the abdomen.
- Paraumbilical branches are located near the superficial epigastric vein.
- The thoracoepigastric vein is located near the axillary vein.
Arms
- The basilic vein is located on the right side of the arm.
- The axillary vein is located on the right side of the arm.
- The cephalic vein is located on the left side of the arm.
Neck
- The right internal jugular vein, external jugular vein, facial vein, and superficial temporal vein are located on the right side of the neck.
- The facial vein drains the upper head structure.
- The superficial temporal vein drains the temple.
- The occipital vein drains the back of the head.
Thoracic Cavity
- The cephalic vein drains into the axillary vein.
- The axillary vein feeds into the subclavian vein.
- The subclavian vein joins with the internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein.
- The brachiocephalic vein drains into the superior vena cava.
- The superior vena cava empties into the right atrium.
Intercostal Veins
- The left posterior intercostal vein is located on the left side of the thoracic cavity.
- The hemiazygos vein feeds into the accessory hemiazygos vein, which is located on the left side of the thoracic cavity.
Anterior Intercostal Veins
- The left anterior intercostal vein is located on the left side of the thoracic cavity.
- The internal thoracic vein (or mammary vein) is located on the left side of the thoracic cavity.
Pulmonary Vessels
- The right pulmonary artery and right pulmonary vein are located on the right side of the thoracic cavity.
- The left pulmonary artery and left pulmonary vein are located on the left side of the thoracic cavity.
Abdominal Cavity
- The azygos portal vein is located in the abdominal cavity, bringing blood from the GI tract to the liver.
- The inferior vena cava is located in the abdominal cavity, receiving blood from the azygos portal vein.
Intestinal Insert
- The superior mesenteric vein is located on the right side of the intestinal insert.
- The inferior mesenteric vein and splenic vein are located on the left side of the intestinal insert.
- The splenic vein drains blood from the spleen.
Posterior Abdominal Wall
- The right external iliac vein, right common iliac vein, and right gonadal vein are located on the right side of the posterior abdominal wall.
- The left common iliac vein, left gonadal vein, left renal vein, and left adrenal vein are located on the left side of the posterior abdominal wall.
- The inferior vena cava is formed by the union of the right and left common iliac veins.
- The inferior phrenic vein is located on the left side of the posterior abdominal wall, draining blood from the diaphragm.
Thoracic Aorta
- Located above the diaphragm, giving rise to several branches:
- Posterior intercostal arteries (supply intercostal muscles)
- Superior phrenic artery (supplies diaphragm)
- Bronchial arteries (supply bronchi)
- Esophageal artery (supplies esophagus)
- Mediastinal artery (supplies mediastinum and its structures)
- Pericardial artery (supplies pericardium)
Structures Near the Thoracic Aorta
- Lies posterior to the vertebral column, closely related to:
- Left pleura
- Hemiazygos vein
- Thoracic duct
- Esophagus
Abdominal Aorta
- Located below the diaphragm, giving rise to several branches:
- Inferior phrenic artery (supplies inferior part of diaphragm)
- Adrenal arteries (supply adrenal glands)
- Renal arteries (supply kidneys)
- Gonadal arteries (supply gonads)
- Lumbar arteries (supply lumbar region)
- Common iliac arteries (divide into external and internal iliac arteries)
Branches of the Common Iliac Artery
- Divides into:
- External iliac artery
- Internal iliac artery, which gives rise to:
- Superior gluteal artery (supplies gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus)
- Inferior gluteal artery (supplies gluteus maximus, piriformis, and quadratus femoris)
- Internal pudendal artery (supplies external genitalia and perineum)
- Obturator artery (supplies medial compartment of the thigh)
Celiac Trunk
- Arises at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra, giving rise to:
- Left gastric artery (supplies stomach)
- Splenic artery (supplies spleen and gives rise to left gastroepiploic artery)
- Common hepatic artery (gives rise to hepatic artery proper and gastroduodenal artery)
Branches of the Common Hepatic Artery
- Gives rise to:
- Hepatic artery proper (supplies liver and gives rise to right and left hepatic arteries)
- Right hepatic artery (supplies right lobe of liver)
- Left hepatic artery (supplies left lobe of liver)
- Gastroduodenal artery (supplies duodenum and stomach)
Branches of the Abdominal Aorta
- Left gastric artery supplies the fundus of the stomach.
- Right gastric artery supplies the pylorus of the stomach.
- Gastro-duodenal artery supplies the pylorus of the stomach and the first part of the small intestine (duodenum).
Branches of the Superior Mesenteric Artery
- Intestinal arteries supply the jejunum and ileum of the small intestine.
- Ileal branch supplies the ileum, caecum, and appendix.
- Right colic artery supplies the ascending colon.
- Middle colic artery supplies the transverse colon.
Branches of the Inferior Mesenteric Artery
- Left colic artery supplies the descending colon.
- Sigmoid artery supplies the sigmoid colon.
- Superior rectal artery supplies the rectum and gives rise to the mid and inferior rectal arteries.
Marfan Syndrome
- Autosomal dominant disorder caused by a mutation in the fibrillin gene.
- Affects the elasticity of blood vessels, leading to:
- Decreased elasticity
- Increased risk of aortic dissection and rupture
- Affects the heart valves, leading to:
- Mitral valve prolapse
- Regurgitation
- Other symptoms include:
- Long, slender fingers
- Hyper-reflexivity
- Hyper-flexibility of joints
- Lens dislocation (subluxation)
- Dural ectasia (dilation of the dural sac around the lumbar and sacral spine)
- Scoliosis
- Pectus excavatum (caved-in chest)
- Spontaneous pneumothorax (rarely)
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Description
This quiz covers the veins of the torso, including the lower limbs and abdominal wall. It includes questions about the location of different veins, such as the great saphenous vein and the superficial epigastric vein.
