US History Amendments and Supreme Court Cases
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source in historical research?

  • The thoughts, words, material culture, & experiences of past people (correct)
  • An analysis of historical documents
  • A secondary account of a person's life
  • An interpretation of historical events by scholars

    • Which battle during the Civil War is considered a turning point for the Union's victory?

  • Battle of Antietam
  • Battle of Bull Run
  • Battle of Vicksburg
  • Battle of Gettysburg (correct)

    • Which commodity was a symbol of status and wealth for the Comanche?

  • Bison meat
  • Gold
  • Horses (correct)
  • Furs

    • Which individual did NOT publicly oppose the Mexican-American War?

    <p>James K. Polk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first woman ordained to preach in the United States?

    <p>Antonette Brown Blackwell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

    <p>13th Amendment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the Supreme Court Justice that authored the decision for Marbury v. Madison?

    <p>John Marshall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which person is well-known for delivering the speech 'Ain't I a Woman' in 1851?

    <p>Sojourner Truth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which battle of the Civil War resulted in a significant loss for the Union army?

    <p>Battle of Fredericksburg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which political party valued abolition and the preservation of the Union during its early years?

    <p>Republican (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the Ku Klux Klan as formed in the 1860s?

    <p>Resisting Reconstruction and protecting white supremacy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document did Elizabeth Cady Stanton organize and write at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848?

    <p>The Declaration of Sentiments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event is often associated with the causes of the War of 1812?

    <p>The burning of Washington D.C. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a primary source represent in historical research?

    <p>The experiences and creations of past individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the shift from the Mediterranean world to the Atlantic world?

    <p>The age of exploration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which individual was a soldier during the Mexican-American War?

    <p>Benjamin Franklin Scribner (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding John Adams's involvement with the Judiciary Act of 1801?

    <p>He made midnight appointments to ensure Federalist influence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amendment granted citizenship and equal rights to formerly enslaved people and African Americans?

    <p>14th Amendment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which battle occurred after peace had been established between England and the United States during the War of 1812?

    <p>Battle of New Orleans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who organized the Seneca Falls Convention and wrote the Declaration of Sentiments in 1848?

    <p>Elizabeth Cady Stanton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which political party emerged in response to nativism?

    <p>Know Nothing Party (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which political party was represented by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and appealed to agrarian rights?

    <p>Democratic-Republican Party (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Supreme Court Justice wrote the decision for Scott v. Sandford in 1857?

    <p>Rodger B. Taney (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant action did the Ku Klux Klan take after its formation in 1866?

    <p>Resisted Reconstruction and supported white supremacy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main objective of Reconstruction after the Civil War?

    <p>Reunite the North and South and rebuild its social structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amendment prohibited the denial of a citizen's right to vote based on race or color?

    <p>15th Amendment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main theme of the speech delivered by Sojourner Truth titled 'Ain't I a Woman'?

    <p>Women’s rights and equality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was responsible for organizing the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848?

    <p>Elizabeth Cady Stanton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant consequence of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

    <p>Acquisition of California as a state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which political party is associated with valuing agrarian rights and states' rights?

    <p>Democratic-Republican (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did Charles Grandison Finney play in the social reforms of the 19th century?

    <p>Revivalist preacher and theological writer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Supreme Court Justice authored the decision on Scott v. Sandford, which had significant implications for slavery?

    <p>Rogers B. Taney (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major action taken by the Ku Klux Klan during Reconstruction?

    <p>Resisting federal reconstruction efforts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What book did Harriet Beecher Stowe write that debated the morality of slavery?

    <p>Uncle Tom's Cabin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event is often blamed for accelerating immigration from Ireland in the mid-19th century?

    <p>The Great Famine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which battle was a significant Union defeat during the Civil War?

    <p>Battle of Fredericksburg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event marked a significant shift in global trade dynamics during the age of exploration?

    <p>The shift from the Mediterranean world to the Atlantic world (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario describes a significant consequence of John Adams's judiciary actions during his presidency?

    <p>Strengthened Federalist influence through midnight appointments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which individual is known for their role in both the Mexican-American War and as an advocate against it?

    <p>James K. Polk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary role of mill girls in the Lowell Massachusetts textile mills?

    <p>Operating the looms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Andrew Johnson is true?

    <p>He was impeached by the House but acquitted by the Senate. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event is often linked to the promotion of revivalism in the 19th century?

    <p>The Second Great Awakening (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement reflects a true event in John Adams's life?

    <p>He died on the same day as Thomas Jefferson. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a primary focus of Antonette Brown Blackwell's ordination?

    <p>Preaching and equality in religion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Primary source definition

    A primary source is an original document, artifact, or other item created by a person or people from the past.

    Shift in global focus

    The Age of Exploration led to a change in the world's focus from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic.

    Comanche status symbol

    Horses were a symbol of wealth and status for the Comanche.

    Battle of Gettysburg significance

    The Battle of Gettysburg was a pivotal Civil War battle, marking a turning point for the Union.

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    John Adams's last words

    John Adams, according to a historical account, said Thomas Jefferson also died the same day as he did.

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    13th Amendment

    Abolished slavery in the United States.

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    14th Amendment

    Granted citizenship and equal rights to formerly enslaved people and African Americans.

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    15th Amendment

    Guaranteed voting rights regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

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    Marbury v. Madison (1803)

    Established the principle of judicial review in the United States.

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    Democratic-Republican Party

    Political party that supported agrarianism, states' rights, and was led by Jefferson and Madison.

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    Reconstruction

    Reuniting the North and the South and rebuilding after the Civil War.

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    Ku Klux Klan

    Secret fraternal group that resisted Reconstruction and protected white supremacy in the South.

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    Secondary Source

    A source that interprets or analyzes primary sources; it is not an original document.

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    What did the Age of Exploration shift?

    The Age of Exploration marked a shift from the Mediterranean world as the global center to the Atlantic world.

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    Uncle Tom's Cabin Author

    Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote the influential novel 'Uncle Tom's Cabin,' which depicted the horrors of slavery and fueled the abolitionist movement.

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    What did the 13th Amendment do?

    It officially abolished slavery in the United States, making it illegal nationwide.

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    What impact did the 14th Amendment have?

    It granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to all people born or naturalized in the United States, including formerly enslaved people.

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    What's the 15th Amendment about?

    It prohibits denying someone the right to vote based on their race, color, or past servitude.

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    What did John Marshall decide in Marbury v. Madison (1803)?

    He established the principle of judicial review, which gives the Supreme Court the power to declare laws unconstitutional.

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    What was the Battle of New Orleans about?

    It took place during the War of 1812, even though peace had already been declared between the US and England. This victory bolstered American morale.

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    Who led the Democratic-Republican Party?

    Thomas Jefferson and James Madison were prominent leaders of this party which supported agrarianism, states' rights and a limited federal government.

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    Who was a leading Transcendentalist?

    Ralph Waldo Emerson was a prominent figure in this movement which emphasized individual intuition and experience over tradition and reason.

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    Who spoke about women's rights with the famous phrase 'Ain't I a Woman?'

    Sojourner Truth delivered this speech in 1851, compellingly arguing for women's equality.

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    What is a Primary Source?

    An original document, artifact, or other item created by a person or people from the past, offering direct evidence of an event or time period.

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    Age of Exploration Shift

    The Age of Exploration shifted global focus from the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean, opening new trade routes and global connections.

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    Mill Girls

    Young women, primarily aged 15-35, who worked at the Lowell textile mills in Massachusetts, living on-site and operating the looms.

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    Midnight Appointments

    John Adams made last-minute appointments to federal positions in 1801, aiming to secure Federalist party control even after losing the presidency.

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    First Woman Ordained Preacher

    Antonette Brown Blackwell was the first woman ordained to preach in the United States, breaking new ground for women in the clergy.

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    Andrew Johnson's Impeachment

    Andrew Johnson was impeached by the House of Representatives in 1868 but not removed from office by the Senate, facing charges related to violating the Tenure of Office Act.

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    Marbury v. Madison

    A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review, allowing the court to declare laws unconstitutional.

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    Battle of New Orleans

    A battle fought during the War of 1812, which occurred after peace had been established between England and the United States.

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    Transcendentalist Movement

    A philosophical and literary movement that emphasized individual intuition and experience over tradition and reason.

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    Seneca Falls Convention

    The first women's rights convention in the United States, which drafted the Declaration of Sentiments outlining women's rights.

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    Scott v. Sandford

    A Supreme Court case that declared that African Americans, free or enslaved, were not citizens and had no rights under the Constitution.

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    Study Notes

    Amendments

    • 13th Amendment: Abolished slavery
    • 14th Amendment: Granted citizenship and equal rights to formerly enslaved people and African Americans
    • 15th Amendment: Prohibited denial of voting rights based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude

    Supreme Court Cases and Justices

    • Marbury v. Madison (1803): Justice John Marshall wrote the decision.
    • Scott v. Sandford (1857): Justice Roger B. Taney wrote the decision.

    Wars and Battles

    • War of 1812: Battle of New Orleans took place after the peace treaty was signed.
    • Civil War: Battle of Fredericksburg was a significant Union loss; Battle of Gettysburg was a turning point for the Union victory.

    Political Parties and Figures

    • Democratic-Republican Party: Appealed to agrarian and states' rights ideals. Key figures include Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.
    • Know Nothing Party: Emerged due to nativism.
    • Republican Party: Valued abolition and union in its early days.
    • 1860 Presidential Election: Horace Greeley was not a candidate.

    Figures and Movements

    • Transcendentalism: Ralph Waldo Emerson was a leading figure.
    • Abolitionism: Sojourner Truth delivered the "Ain't I a Woman" speech.
    • Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney wrote "The New Measures."
    • Women's Rights Movement: Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized the Seneca Falls Convention and wrote the Declaration of Sentiments.
    • Reconstruction: The period of rebuilding the South after the Civil War and reuniting the nation.
    • Ku Klux Klan: A secret fraternal group opposing Reconstruction and white supremacy in the South

    Other Historical Events

    • Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: Gained land for the current state of California.
    • Irish Immigration: The Great Famine of 1845-49 caused immigration from Ireland.
    • Causes of the War of 1812: British attack and burning of Washington D.C. was a cause.
    • Causes of the Civil War: Richmond Bread Riot was not a cause.
    • Causes of the War of 1812: British attack and burning of Washington D.C. was a cause.
    • Historical Sources: Primary sources are the thoughts, words, material culture, and experiences of past people; secondary sources are documents written about people, periods, places, or events.

    Literature

    • Harriet Beecher Stowe: Wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin.

    Historical Figures and Military Service

    • Elisha Hunt Rhodes: Enlisted in the Union Army.
    • Benjamin Franklin Scribner: Enlisted in the United States Army during the Mexican-American war.
    • James K. Polk: Did not publicly criticize the Mexican-American war

    Historical Developments

    • Exploration: Shift from Mediterranean to Atlantic world.
    • Comanche Culture: The horse was a symbol of status and wealth for the Comanche.

    Political Developments

    • Judiciary Act of 1801: John Adams pushed through this act for Federalist power. Midnight appointments: John Adams's tactic to install Federalists in judicial offices.

    Social Developments

    • Lowell Textile Mills: Mill girls (15-35) lived on site and operated looms.

    Miscellaneous

    • John Williamson Nevin: Wrote "The Anxious Bench" promoting revivalism (False).
    • Charles Grandison Finney: A lawyer prior to being a revivalist (False).
    • Transcendentalists: Religiously conservative and reformed Presbyterians (False).
    • Antonette Brown Blackwell: First ordained female preacher (True).
    • Andrew Johnson: Impeached by the House of Representatives (False).
    • John Adams's last words: Died in 1826, Thomas Jefferson had earlier died (True).
    • Ida B. Wells: Reported on lynchings in the South
    • Definition of History: History recovers the recorded memory of what past people have said and done.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the key amendments that shaped American history, including the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments. Additionally, explore landmark Supreme Court cases such as Marbury v. Madison and Scott v. Sandford, as well as significant wars and political parties of the era.

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