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Urinary System Function Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of natriuretic hormone in diabetic kidney disease?

Promotes Na+ secretion (correct)

Increases Ca++ reabsorption

Blocks phosphate reabsorption

Induces vasodilation

Which hormone is responsible for an increase in Ca++ reabsorption and blocking phosphate reabsorption?

Aldosterone

Parathyroid hormone (correct)

Natriuretic hormone

Renin

What is the role of baroreceptors in the body's volume sensing mechanisms?

Control Ca++ levels

Regulate urine pH

Monitor blood pressure changes (correct)

Promote widespread vasodilation

How does alcohol affect the release of ADH in the body?

Inhibits its release (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone indirectly controls sodium levels in the body?

ADH (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of vitamin D synthesis to ensure calcium balance in the body?

Enhances calcium absorption (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the macula densa in the kidney?

Measures sodium and flow rate (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does oliguria, or producing 300-500 mL of urine per day, indicate?

Kidney failure (C) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the body to plump up in the case of systemic edema?

Low osmotic pressure in circulating blood (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone increases sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?

Aldosterone (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the renal hilum in the kidney?

Serves as entry and exit for vessels, nerves, and ureters (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is indicated by polyuria, or excreting more than 2.5 liters of urine per day?

Diabetes mellitus (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific gravity related to in urine analysis?

Number of solutes per unit volume (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of nephrons in the kidney?

Filter waste products from blood (D) Signup and view all the answers

'Descending loop' and 'Ascending loop' are parts of which structure in the kidney anatomy?

'Loop of Henle' (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the collecting ducts in the kidney?

Reabsorb water and regulate sodium reabsorption (D) Signup and view all the answers