16 Questions
What is the primary function of natriuretic hormone in diabetic kidney disease?
Promotes Na+ secretion
Which hormone is responsible for an increase in Ca++ reabsorption and blocking phosphate reabsorption?
Parathyroid hormone
What is the role of baroreceptors in the body's volume sensing mechanisms?
Monitor blood pressure changes
How does alcohol affect the release of ADH in the body?
Inhibits its release
Which hormone indirectly controls sodium levels in the body?
ADH
What is the function of vitamin D synthesis to ensure calcium balance in the body?
Enhances calcium absorption
What is the function of the macula densa in the kidney?
Measures sodium and flow rate
What does oliguria, or producing 300-500 mL of urine per day, indicate?
Kidney failure
What causes the body to plump up in the case of systemic edema?
Low osmotic pressure in circulating blood
Which hormone increases sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?
Aldosterone
What is the main purpose of the renal hilum in the kidney?
Serves as entry and exit for vessels, nerves, and ureters
Which condition is indicated by polyuria, or excreting more than 2.5 liters of urine per day?
Diabetes mellitus
What is the specific gravity related to in urine analysis?
Number of solutes per unit volume
What is the main function of nephrons in the kidney?
Filter waste products from blood
'Descending loop' and 'Ascending loop' are parts of which structure in the kidney anatomy?
'Loop of Henle'
What is the role of the collecting ducts in the kidney?
Reabsorb water and regulate sodium reabsorption
Test your knowledge on the urinary system function and urine excretion process. Learn about the role of glomeruli, indicators of dehydration, and conditions like polyuria and oliguria. Understand the minimum urine output needed to remove waste and the significance of urine specific gravity.
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