Urinary System Function and Disorders Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the baroreceptors located in the aorta and carotid sinuses?

  • Check blood pressure (correct)
  • Enhance renin release
  • Promote widespread vasoconstriction
  • Increase blood pressure

    • How does caffeine affect nephron function?

  • Inhibits vasodilation
  • Promotes vasodilation (correct)
  • Stimulates ADH release
  • Promotes Na+ reabsorption

    • Which hormone is responsible for increasing red blood cell production?

  • Parathyroid hormone
  • Renin
  • Erythropoietin (correct)
  • Aldosterone

    • What is the primary role of renin in the body?

    <p>Increase aldosterone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is vitamin D synthesized in the body?

    <p>Hydroxylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for urine pH?

    <p>$4.5-8.0$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the macula densa within the nephron?

    <p>Contract or relax based on osmolarity of plasma fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does anuria, a condition of excreting less than 50 mL of urine per day, typically indicate?

    <p>Kidney failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the ureters in the urinary system?

    <p>Prevent reflux of urine back to kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the renal corpuscle in the nephron?

    <p>Filter blood and form urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nephron plays a key role in reabsorbing water and solutes like sodium and glucose efficiently?

    <p>Proximal convoluted tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can oliguria, excreting 300-500 mL of urine per day, indicate?

    <p>Kidney disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the presence of leukocytes in urine typically manifest?

    <p>Urinary tract infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the renal hilum primarily serve as?

    <p>Entry and exit point for vessels, nerves, lymphatics, and ureters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does systemic edema occur in relation to renal function?

    <p>Too much protein entering filtrate causing lower osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

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