Urinary System Functions and Disorders Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the collecting ducts in the nephron?

  • Production of aquaporin channel proteins
  • Regulation of water reabsorption (correct)
  • Secretion of hydrogen ions
  • Reabsorption of sodium ions

Which mechanism involves two or more substances moving in opposite directions across the membrane at the same time?

  • Active transport
  • Antiport (correct)
  • Symport
  • Facilitated diffusion

What is the significance of aldosterone in the distal convoluted tubule?

  • Promotes potassium secretion
  • Enhances sodium reabsorption (correct)
  • Increases calcium reabsorption
  • Stimulates chloride transport

How is glomerular filtration rate often estimated?

<p>Evaluating creatinine levels in the urine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when too much protein is pushed into the filtrate, leading to lower osmotic pressure in the circulating blood?

<p>Increased water retention in tissues causing edema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the descending loop of the nephron?

<p>Reabsorption of a high amount of solutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the kidney?

<p>To maintain homeostatic balance of plasma and excrete potential toxins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the macula densa?

<p>To measure sodium and flow rate in the distal convoluted tubule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the fenestrations in the glomerular capillaries?

<p>To prevent blood cells and large proteins from passing out of the glomerulus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?

<p>To reabsorb water and solutes back into the bloodstream (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the renal hilum?

<p>To allow entry and exit of blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics to the kidney (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the loop of Henle?

<p>To increase the osmotic gradient for efficient water reabsorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

<p>To secrete renin in response to changes in blood pressure and fluid balance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT)?

<p>To measure sodium and flow rate to regulate renin release (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the renal corpuscle?

<p>To filter blood and form the initial filtrate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the efferent arteriole in the nephron?

<p>To form a network of capillaries around the nephron for further reabsorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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