16 Questions
What is the main function of the collecting ducts in the nephron?
Regulation of water reabsorption
Which mechanism involves two or more substances moving in opposite directions across the membrane at the same time?
Antiport
What is the significance of aldosterone in the distal convoluted tubule?
Enhances sodium reabsorption
How is glomerular filtration rate often estimated?
Evaluating creatinine levels in the urine
What happens when too much protein is pushed into the filtrate, leading to lower osmotic pressure in the circulating blood?
Increased water retention in tissues causing edema
What characterizes the descending loop of the nephron?
Reabsorption of a high amount of solutes
What is the main purpose of the kidney?
To maintain homeostatic balance of plasma and excrete potential toxins
What is the function of the macula densa?
To measure sodium and flow rate in the distal convoluted tubule
What is the purpose of the fenestrations in the glomerular capillaries?
To prevent blood cells and large proteins from passing out of the glomerulus
What is the function of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?
To reabsorb water and solutes back into the bloodstream
What is the purpose of the renal hilum?
To allow entry and exit of blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics to the kidney
What is the function of the loop of Henle?
To increase the osmotic gradient for efficient water reabsorption
What is the purpose of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
To secrete renin in response to changes in blood pressure and fluid balance
What is the function of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT)?
To measure sodium and flow rate to regulate renin release
What is the function of the renal corpuscle?
To filter blood and form the initial filtrate
What is the role of the efferent arteriole in the nephron?
To form a network of capillaries around the nephron for further reabsorption
Test your knowledge on the functions and disorders of the urinary system. Learn about the filtration process in the glomeruli, indicators of dehydration, the amount of urine excreted daily, specific gravity, polyuria, and oliguria.
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