Urinary System Functions and Disorders Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the collecting ducts in the nephron?

  • Production of aquaporin channel proteins
  • Regulation of water reabsorption (correct)
  • Secretion of hydrogen ions
  • Reabsorption of sodium ions
  • Which mechanism involves two or more substances moving in opposite directions across the membrane at the same time?

  • Active transport
  • Antiport (correct)
  • Symport
  • Facilitated diffusion
  • What is the significance of aldosterone in the distal convoluted tubule?

  • Promotes potassium secretion
  • Enhances sodium reabsorption (correct)
  • Increases calcium reabsorption
  • Stimulates chloride transport
  • How is glomerular filtration rate often estimated?

    <p>Evaluating creatinine levels in the urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when too much protein is pushed into the filtrate, leading to lower osmotic pressure in the circulating blood?

    <p>Increased water retention in tissues causing edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the descending loop of the nephron?

    <p>Reabsorption of a high amount of solutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the kidney?

    <p>To maintain homeostatic balance of plasma and excrete potential toxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the macula densa?

    <p>To measure sodium and flow rate in the distal convoluted tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the fenestrations in the glomerular capillaries?

    <p>To prevent blood cells and large proteins from passing out of the glomerulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?

    <p>To reabsorb water and solutes back into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the renal hilum?

    <p>To allow entry and exit of blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics to the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the loop of Henle?

    <p>To increase the osmotic gradient for efficient water reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

    <p>To secrete renin in response to changes in blood pressure and fluid balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT)?

    <p>To measure sodium and flow rate to regulate renin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the renal corpuscle?

    <p>To filter blood and form the initial filtrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the efferent arteriole in the nephron?

    <p>To form a network of capillaries around the nephron for further reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

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