Urinary System Anatomy and Function Quiz

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What is the main function of the urinary (renal) system?

Regulates body temperature and electrolyte balance

Aids in digestion and absorption of nutrients

Regulates the volume, pressure, pH, and osmolarity of blood, and the concentration of different ions within the plasma (correct)

Produces red blood cells and stores platelets

Where are the kidneys located in the body?

In the abdominal cavity, with the left kidney lower than the right

In the peritoneal cavity, with the left kidney lower than the right

Retroperitoneal, with the right kidney lower than the left (correct)

In the pelvic cavity, at the same level

What is the function of the renal hilum?

Site of urine formation

Entry/exit point for renal artery, renal vein, ureter, and nerves (correct)

Collects filtrate (urine) from the major and minor calyces

Location of the renal pyramids

What is the functional unit of the kidney?

Nephron Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that extends through the major calyx into the renal medulla?

Renal columns Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nephron is responsible for reabsorption and secretion?

Proximal convoluted tubule and distal convoluted tubule Signup and view all the answers

What is the apex of each renal pyramid called?

Renal papilla Signup and view all the answers

What collects the filtrate (urine) from the major and minor calyces?

Renal pelvis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the epididymis?

Site of sperm storage and maturation Signup and view all the answers

Where are the Leydig cells located?

In the connective tissue between the seminiferous tubules Signup and view all the answers

Which structure runs through the prostate gland?

Prostatic urethra Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the seminal vesicles?

Secrete an alkaline fluid containing fructose to nourish the sperm Signup and view all the answers

Where does spermatogenesis occur?

Seminiferous tubules Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the bulbourethral (Cowper’s) glands?

Secrete thick alkaline mucus that neutralizes low pH of urine and lubricates the urethra Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the seminal fluid?

Sperm and testicular fluid (5%), and secretions from accessory glands (95%) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the corpus spongiosum?

Surrounds the urethra and forms the glans penis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the corpus cavernosa?

Forms the bulk of the root/shaft of the penis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the sustentacular (Sertoli) cells?

Surround, nourish, and protect developing gametes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the tunica albuginea?

Inner capsule of connective tissue surrounding the testis Signup and view all the answers

Where are the seminiferous tubules located?

Within the testes Signup and view all the answers

Where does the juxtamedullary nephron originate?

Deep in the cortex Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells encircle the glomerular capillaries in the renal corpuscle?

Podocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the proximal convoluted tubule?

Reabsorption of glucose and amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the macula densa in the juxtaglomerular complex?

Monitoring filtrate sodium levels Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are present in the collecting ducts for water and Na+ reabsorption?

Principal cells Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium lines the mucosa of the ureters?

Transitional Signup and view all the answers

What forms the fixed triangle called the trigone in the urinary bladder?

Ureters and urethra openings Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium lines the mucosa of the urethra near the external opening?

Stratified squamous Signup and view all the answers

What forms the internal urethral sphincter in the male reproductive system?

Smooth muscle at the base of the bladder Signup and view all the answers

Urinary System Anatomy and Function Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the urinary (renal) system?

Where are the kidneys located in the body?

What is the function of the renal hilum?

What is the functional unit of the kidney?

What is the structure that extends through the major calyx into the renal medulla?

Which part of the nephron is responsible for reabsorption and secretion?

What is the apex of each renal pyramid called?

What collects the filtrate (urine) from the major and minor calyces?

What is the function of the epididymis?

Where are the Leydig cells located?

Which structure runs through the prostate gland?

What is the function of the seminal vesicles?

Where does spermatogenesis occur?

What is the function of the bulbourethral (Cowper’s) glands?

What is the composition of the seminal fluid?

What is the function of the corpus spongiosum?

What is the function of the corpus cavernosa?

What is the role of the sustentacular (Sertoli) cells?

What is the function of the tunica albuginea?

Where are the seminiferous tubules located?

Where does the juxtamedullary nephron originate?

What type of cells encircle the glomerular capillaries in the renal corpuscle?

What is the main function of the proximal convoluted tubule?

What is the function of the macula densa in the juxtaglomerular complex?

What type of cells are present in the collecting ducts for water and Na+ reabsorption?

What type of epithelium lines the mucosa of the ureters?

What forms the fixed triangle called the trigone in the urinary bladder?

What type of epithelium lines the mucosa of the urethra near the external opening?

What forms the internal urethral sphincter in the male reproductive system?

What are the structures responsible for producing secretions that support the gametes?

Where are the Leydig cells located?

What is the structure that connects the nephron to the ureter?

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