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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of plasma cells?
In which stage of erythrogenesis does the nucleus get out of the cell?
Which cells produce heparin and histamine?
What is the main cellular element of loose irregular connective tissue?
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In which type of tissue is the function of tendons executed?
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At which stage of granulocytopoiesis do cells lose their ability to reproduce?
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What is the location of the macrophage in erythropoietic island?
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What is well developed in mature fibroblasts?
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What is the main function of neutrophils?
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What is the percentage of neutrophils in the leukocyte formula?
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What is the main respiratory pigment of red blood cells?
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What is the function of eosinophils in allergy?
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What is the characteristic of basophilic granulocytes?
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What is the main source of human T-lymphocytes?
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What is the percentage of lymphocytes in the leukocyte formula?
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What are gemoreticulocytes?
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During anaphase of mitosis, chromosomes:
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What is the number of chromosomes in human somatic cells?
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Which of the following is NOT characteristic of epithelial tissues?
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What type of collagen is found in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues?
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What type of epithelium is the mesothelium lining the serous membranes?
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What is the structure of the mucociliary airway?
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What is the average life span of red blood cells?
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What type of blood cells can migrate from the bloodstream into the connective tissue and differentiate into macrophages?
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Study Notes
Lymphatic Vessels
- The endothelium of lymphatic vessels, along with elastic membrane, myocytes, and connective plate, forms a valve.
Hemoglobin Synthesis
- Iron for hemoglobin synthesis in erythroblasts comes from macrophages.
Connective Tissue
- The main cellular elements of loose irregular connective tissue are fibroblasts and macrophages.
- Dense connective tissue is found in tendons.
Fibroblasts
- In mature fibroblasts, granular endoplasmic reticulum is well-developed.
Plasma Cells
- The main function of plasma cells is to produce immunoglobulin.
Mast Cells
- Mast cells produce heparin and histamine.
Blood-Thymic Barrier
- The blood-thymic barrier is formed by the endothelium, basement membrane, and retikuloepitelial cells.
Erythropoietic Island
- In the center of an erythropoietic island, a macrophage is located.
Erythrogenesis
- At the oxyphilic normoblast stage, the nucleus is expelled from the cell.
Granulocytopoiesis
- At the metamielocyte stage, cells lose their ability to reproduce.
Mitosis
- During anaphase of mitosis, chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell.
Somatic Cells
- Human somatic cells have 46 chromosomes.
Epithelial Tissues
- Epithelial tissues do not have blood vessels.
- The basement membrane of epithelial tissues contains type IV collagen.
Mesothelium
- Mesothelium is a mono-layer epithelium that lines serous membranes.
Airway Epithelium
- Mucociliary airway epithelium is pseudostratified.
Ciliated Epithelium
- Goblet cells are ciliated epithelium cells that secrete mucus.
Stratified Epithelium
- Transitional epithelium is a type of stratified epithelium.
Platelets
- Nuclear-free fragments of megakaryocyte cytoplasm are platelets.
Red Blood Cells
- The average life span of red blood cells is 120 days.
Monocytes
- Monocytes are blood cells that migrate into connective tissue and differentiate into macrophages.
Lymphocytes
- Lymphocyte cytoplasm is basophilic.
Antibodies
- Antibodies are isolated from the globulin fraction of plasma proteins.
Connective Tissue
- All types of connective tissue develop from mesenchyme.
Gemoreticulocytes
- Gemoreticulocytes are young red blood cells.
Neutrophils
- Azurophilic granules of neutrophils contain myeloperoxidase.
Macrophages
- Monocytes turn into macrophages in tissues.
Red Blood Cells
- The primary function of red blood cells is to transport O2 and CO2.
Intercellular Substance
- Rich connective tissue is rich in intercellular substance.
Hemoglobin
- Hemoglobin is the main respiratory pigment of red blood cells.
Neutrophils
- Neutrophils make up 65-75% of the leukocyte formula.
- The main function of neutrophils is phagocytosis.
Eosinophils
- Eosinophils make up 2-5% of the leukocyte formula.
- Eosinophils participate in allergy mainly by destroying histamine and anaphylaxis.
Basophils
- Basophils make up 0.5-1% of the leukocyte formula.
- Basophilic granulocytes contain heparin and histamine.
Lymphocytes
- Lymphocytes make up 20-35% of the leukocyte formula.
- The major source of human T-lymphocytes is the thymus.
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