University of Baghdad College of Medicine 2022-2023 Anesthesia Quiz
79 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which opioid receptor subtype is responsible for analgesia and respiratory depression?

  • κ3
  • κ2
  • μ1
  • μ2 (correct)
  • What is a common adverse effect associated with Pethidine overdose?

  • Mydriasis (correct)
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Hypotension
  • Bradycardia
  • Which opioid receptor subtype is mainly located in the supraspinal region and is associated with affective behavior?

  • μ2
  • κ1
  • μ1
  • κ3 (correct)
  • What is the primary use of Pethidine as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Analgesic as a substitute for Morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of Opioid receptor stimulation is associated with dysphoria and psychomimetic effects?

    <p>κ3 receptor stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of Ca++ channels are suppressed, leading to hyperpolarization and reduced neurotransmitter release?

    <p>N type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Among the following endogenous opioid peptides, which one is mainly associated with analgesic activity?

    <p>Enkephalins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which synthetic drug, structurally related to morphine, acts mainly on μ receptors and is used as a step in treating addicts due to its long half-life?

    <p>Methadone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which opioid antagonist has an affinity for all opioid receptors (μ, δ, and κ) and can displace opioids bound to receptors?

    <p>Naloxone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which semi-synthetic drug is made by acetylation of morphine?

    <p>Diamorphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary pharmacological action of morphine on the central nervous system?

    <p>Inhibits excitatory transmitters release in the cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the function of opioid analgesics?

    <p>Opioid analgesics selectively relieve pain by acting in the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which German pharmacist isolated morphine in 1803 and named it after the Greek god of Dreams?

    <p>Friedrich Wilhelm Serturner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most prominent analgesic effect associated with morphine?

    <p>Strong analgesia for visceral pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used to antagonize opioids in case of overdose?

    <p>Naloxone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does morphine achieve its analgesic action at a supraspinal level in the central nervous system?

    <p>By altering processing and interpretation in the cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect associated with Pethidine use?

    <p>Respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of morphine's analgesic action involves inhibiting the release of excitatory transmitters from primary afferents?

    <p>Spinal component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the effect of opioids on pain relief?

    <p>Opioids selectively relieve pain by acting in the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do opioid analgesics interact with the body's opioid receptors?

    <p>They selectively bind to specific opioid receptor subtypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main effects that tolerance occurs to in opioids?

    <p>Respiratory depression, analgesia, euphoria, and sedative effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected result of abruptly withdrawing opioid administration?

    <p>Rebound or withdrawal syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication can be substituted for morphine during detoxification due to its long half-life and ability to produce mild withdrawal syndrome?

    <p>Methadone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Clonidine during opioid detoxification?

    <p>Decreases the severity of withdrawal syndrome by decreasing noradrenergic hyperactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Lofexidine in opioid detoxification?

    <p>Aids opioid detoxification as a clonidine analogue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which opioid receptor subtype is Pethidine most likely to act on based on the information provided?

    <p>Mu receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential disadvantage of using Buprenorphine for biliary colic treatment according to the text?

    <p>Sphincter of Oddi spasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for Tramadol being considered effective for postoperative pain relief?

    <p>Neuronal nor-adrenaline uptake inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which opioid receptor subtype is associated with causing less addiction and respiratory depression?

    <p>Kappa receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of labor is Pethidine most commonly used in?

    <p>First stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which opioid receptor does Pethidine primarily bind to?

    <p>Mu receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect associated with prolonged Pethidine use?

    <p>Seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of sedation and analgesia, how does Pethidine compare to morphine?

    <p>Pethidine has little hypnotic effect compared to morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference between Fentanyl and Codeine based on their actions as described?

    <p>Analgesic efficacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor type is NOT associated with the effects of Pethidine?

    <p>Sigma receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one common side effect of Pethidine administration related to the eyes?

    <p>Blurred vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is less intense and less frequent with Pethidine compared to other opioids?

    <p>Constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of Pethidine mentioned in the text?

    <p>Analgesic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which effect does Pethidine NOT have compared to morphine?

    <p>Hypnotic effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor subtype is NOT significantly impacted by Pethidine administration?

    <p>Sigma receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Lofexidine aid in opioid detoxification?

    <p>Decreases noradrenergic storm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is recommended for substituting morphine during detoxification due to its long half-life and mild withdrawal syndrome production?

    <p>Methadone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metabolite of morphine is responsible for analgesic effects and can prolong analgesia in renal failure?

    <p>Morphine-6-Glucuronide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiological change is associated with the abrupt withdrawal of opioids?

    <p>Noradrenergic storm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is NOT commonly associated with morphine use?

    <p>Tachycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of excretion for morphine?

    <p>Urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Clonidine during opioid detoxification?

    <p>Decreases noradrenergic storm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the occurrence of tolerance to opioids?

    <p>Sensitivity to opioid agonist effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lethal dose of morphine that results in acute poisoning?

    <p>&gt;250 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication serves as a specific antidote for acute morphine poisoning?

    <p>Naloxone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which opioid antagonist has an affinity for all opioid receptors (μ, δ, and κ) and can displace opioids bound to receptors?

    <p>Naloxone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for addicts on morphine and heroin to be transported to methadone as part of treatment?

    <p>Methadone has a longer half-life and less severe withdrawal syndrome than morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an adverse effect commonly associated with prolonged Pethidine use?

    <p>Tachyphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of morphine's analgesic action involves inhibiting the release of excitatory transmitters from primary afferents?

    <p>Blocking NMDA receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which synthetic drug acts mainly on μ receptors, has analgesic activity equal to morphine, is effective orally, and causes less severe withdrawal syndrome due to its long half-life?

    <p>Buprenorphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for not administering morphine orally?

    <p>Increased first-pass metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant pharmacological action of morphine on the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Induction of constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is NOT listed as one of the distribution sites of morphine in the body?

    <p>Heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary organ responsible for metabolizing Pethidine?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect associated with prolonged morphine use?

    <p>Respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After oral absorption, how long does it take for the effects of Pethidine to appear?

    <p>10-15 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Pethidine primarily excreted from the body?

    <p>Urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cases of morphine poisoning, what treatment should be considered due to its ability to displace morphine from receptors?

    <p>Naloxone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In case of Pethidine poisoning, what is a common treatment option for addicts due to its long half-life?

    <p>Methadone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse effect can occur with chronic use of Pethidine due to the accumulation of Norpethidine?

    <p>Seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes Fentanyl more powerful than morphine based on the text?

    <p>Its higher lipophilicity and easy entry into the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of Buprenorphine overdose treatment using naloxone according to the text?

    <p>Naloxone only partially reverses respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which opioid drug is particularly effective for postoperative pain relief and has a lower tendency to cause constipation and addiction, as stated in the text?

    <p>Tramadol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Phenazocine according to the text?

    <p>Biliary colic treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Codeine's efficacy compare to that of morphine based on the text?

    <p>Codeine's efficacy is 1/10th of morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the adverse effects similar to Morphine associated with Pethidine use?

    <p>Dry mouth and blurred vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of Pethidine overdose according to the text?

    <p>Tremors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common excretion route for morphine and its metabolites?

    <p>Renal excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dose of Pethidine for oral administration according to the text?

    <p>50-100 mg tabs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor type does Morphine act as an agonist for with a higher affinity based on the text?

    <p>Mu (μ) receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect associated with prolonged Pethidine use mentioned in the text?

    <p>Constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Pethidine overdose mentioned in the text?

    <p>Insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an effect of different opioid receptor stimulation at supraspinal level?

    <p>Affective behavior and spinal analgesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what form is Pethidine commonly administered for labor pain relief?

    <p>IM/SC injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Mastering General Anesthetic Agents
    57 questions
    Anesthesia Drugs Quiz
    16 questions

    Anesthesia Drugs Quiz

    SurrealCatharsis avatar
    SurrealCatharsis
    Anesthesia Drugs and CO2 Response Curve
    24 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser