Unit 6: The Respiratory System - Functions and Gas Exchange
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?

  • Facilitating speech and vocalization
  • Expulsion of abdominal contents during childbirth
  • Maintaining acid-base balance in the blood
  • Digestion of food particles (correct)

Which part of the respiratory system is lined with respiratory epithelium of the ciliated, pseudostratified columnar type?

  • Nasal cavity (correct)
  • Trachea
  • Alveoli
  • Larynx

What is the primary function of the Valsalva maneuver in the respiratory system?

  • Regulating acid-base balance in the blood
  • Aiding in the expulsion of abdominal contents (correct)
  • Facilitating gas exchange in the lungs
  • Enhancing the sense of smell

Which statement best describes the importance of the respiratory system as a homeostatic mechanism?

<p>It ensures that the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide are sufficient to meet the body's demands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an organ of the respiratory system?

<p>Esophagus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of the larynx?

<p>To prevent food and drink from entering the airway (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium lines the nasopharynx?

<p>Pseudostratified columnar epithelium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is located in the nasopharynx?

<p>Pharyngeal tonsil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the oropharynx?

<p>To serve as a passageway for both food and air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cartilages is the largest in the larynx?

<p>Thyroid cartilage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the bronchial tree is correct?

<p>The main bronchi branch into lobar bronchi that supply each lobe of the lungs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the conducting zone in the respiratory system?

<p>To provide airflow to the respiratory zone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the alveoli is incorrect?

<p>Alveoli are the primary site for gas exchange in the respiratory system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of airflow in the respiratory system?

<p>Nasal cavity → pharynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → alveoli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types is responsible for producing surfactant in the alveoli?

<p>Great alveolar cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the paranasal sinuses?

<p>Increasing the resonance of speech (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bones form the roof and walls of the nasal cavity?

<p>Ethmoid and sphenoid bones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the nasal conchae in the nasal cavity?

<p>To cause airflow to be turbulent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the hard palate differ from the soft palate?

<p>The hard palate is bony while the soft palate is fleshy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sweeps sticky mucus into the pharynx in the respiratory system?

<p>Cilia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of alveolar macrophages?

<p>Secreting pulmonary surfactant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of alveolar pores?

<p>To connect adjacent alveoli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the pleura is incorrect?

<p>The pleura is responsible for secreting pulmonary surfactant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory mucosa?

<p>To protect the respiratory system from pathogens and particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT involved in gas exchange?

<p>Alveolar pores (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the visceral pleura?

<p>Protects the lungs from external pathogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the bronchial arteries?

<p>To nourish the tissues of the lungs with oxygen and nutrients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about external respiration is correct?

<p>It refers to the loading of oxygen into the blood and the unloading of carbon dioxide from the blood in the alveoli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During cellular (aerobic) respiration, where does the oxidation of pyruvate occur?

<p>In the mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory mucosa?

<p>To protect the respiratory system from pathogens and irritants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of the epiglottis during swallowing?

<p>To prevent food and liquid from entering the trachea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cilia in the trachea?

<p>To trap and remove foreign particles from the respiratory tract (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is primarily responsible for producing sound during speech?

<p>Vocal cords (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hyaline cartilage rings in the trachea?

<p>To prevent the trachea from collapsing during inhalation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is responsible for carrying air from the trachea to the gas-exchange surfaces in the lungs?

<p>Bronchial tree (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of the respiratory system as a homeostatic mechanism?

<p>To facilitate the exchange of gases between the body and the environment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is responsible for filtering, warming, and humidifying the incoming air during respiration?

<p>Nasal cavity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory mucosa?

<p>Producing sound during speech (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is primarily responsible for protecting the lower respiratory tract from foreign particles during swallowing?

<p>Epiglottis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct order of the structures through which air passes during inhalation?

<p>Nasal cavity → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchial tree → Lungs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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