LS CH 13 Late Adulthood
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Questions and Answers

Which theory of aging suggests that the body's systems gradually wear out over time, similar to a machine breaking down?

  • Wear-and-Tear Theory (correct)
  • Immune-System-Failure Theory
  • Clockwork Theory
  • Free-Radical Theory

    • Which theory of aging suggests that damage caused by free radicals contributes to the aging process?

  • Immune-System-Failure Theory
  • Free-Radical Theory (correct)
  • Wear-and-Tear Theory
  • Clockwork Theory

    • Which theory of aging proposes that the body's immune system becomes less effective over time, leading to increased vulnerability to diseases?

  • Immune-System-Failure Theory (correct)
  • Clockwork Theory
  • Free-Radical Theory
  • Wear-and-Tear Theory

    • According to the text, what is the definition of 'old age' according to the U.S. government and Social Security Administration?

    <p>All people aged 65 and older (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the projected number of persons aged 65 and older by 2060 according to the text?

    <p>92 million (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethnic group has the longest life expectancy according to the text?

    <p>Asians (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the major source of income for older couples and individuals in 2010 according to the text?

    <p>Social Security (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended use for celery seed?

    <p>Treating gout and arthritis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended use for garlic?

    <p>Reducing blood pressure and cholesterol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended use for vitamin E?

    <p>Preventing heart attacks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended use for vitamin C?

    <p>Reducing the severity of colds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system?

    <p>Regulating body temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the skin as a person ages?

    <p>It becomes thinner and drier (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do older people commonly complain of being chilly?

    <p>They have a decrease in the number and function of sweat glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory suggests that cells have an internal clock that determines the length of one's life?

    <p>Clockwork Theory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of increased life expectancy since 1900?

    <p>Reduced death rates for children and young adults (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common myth about aging?

    <p>Most older people are less productive than younger workers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the aging process?

    <p>The symptoms of normal aging are referred to as senescence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of loss of elasticity in blood vessels combined with the accumulation of collagen and lipofuscin?

    <p>Increase in blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely cause of a significant increase in blood pressure in older adults?

    <p>Diet, weight, and stress levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age-related change in cardiac output between ages 20 and 80?

    <p>1% decrease per year (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of exercise is best for maximizing cardiac function in older adults?

    <p>Walking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory suggests that aging is related to the body's weakening immune system, which fails to recognize its own tissues and may destroy itself?

    <p>Autoimmune theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the activity theory, how can older individuals achieve satisfaction from life?

    <p>By maintaining a high level of social activity and involvement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory views each person as a unique individual with a distinct personality and believes that personality and pattern of coping remain unchanged with aging?

    <p>Continuity-developmental theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the disengagement theory, what is the purpose of disengagement between society and the individual?

    <p>To provide a means for an orderly transfer of power from the old to the young (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Normal aging may compromise the skin's ability to maintain homeostasis.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and oil and sweat glands.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older people perspire less and chill easily.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The skin loses elasticity and becomes wrinkled as aging progresses.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Normal circulatory changes may delay wound healing.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older persons commonly complain of being chilly if they are seated near a window or draft.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older people have a decrease in their ability to sustain changes in temperature due to loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Normal aging leads to a decrease in the number and function of sweat glands.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older persons are more prone to skin breakdown following minor bruising or injury.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Soft or pureed foods can be substituted for foods of regular consistency if indicated.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that cells have an internal clock that determines the length of one's life?

    <p>Clockwork Theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of increased life expectancy since 1900?

    <p>Decrease in infectious diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethnic group has the longest life expectancy according to the text?

    <p>Asian Americans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the projected number of persons aged 65 and older by 2060 according to the text?

    <p>75 million (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what percentage of the U.S. population is represented by the elderly population aged 65 and older?

    <p>13.3% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the projected increase in the number of persons aged 65 and older by 2060 according to the text?

    <p>92% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of elderly persons living below the poverty level in 2011 according to the text?

    <p>3.6% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethnic group has the highest life expectancy according to the text?

    <p>Asians (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the wear-and-tear theory, what causes cells to malfunction and cease functioning over time?

    <p>Metabolic waste products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging proposes that highly unstable molecules may cause mutations in chromosomes and lead to the breakdowns in the aging process?

    <p>Free-radical theory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the average increase in life expectancy for women compared to men in 2011?

    <p>20.4 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of life span according to the text?

    <p>The maximum number of years a species can survive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that the body's immune system becomes less effective over time, leading to increased vulnerability to diseases?

    <p>Immune-system-failure theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely cause of a significant increase in blood pressure in older adults?

    <p>Increased blood volume (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory suggests that aging is related to the body's weakening immune system, which fails to recognize its own tissues and may destroy itself?

    <p>Autoimmune Theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the activity theory, how can older individuals achieve satisfaction from life?

    <p>By maintaining a high level of social activity and involvement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a physical sign of aging mentioned in the text?

    <p>Increased chest circumference (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average rate of height loss per decade after age 30?

    <p>1 centimeter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended use for garlic according to the text?

    <p>To reduce blood pressure and cholesterol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for osteoporosis mentioned in the text?

    <p>Smoking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of loss of elasticity in blood vessels combined with the accumulation of collagen and lipofuscin?

    <p>Increased blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age-related change in cardiac output between ages 20 and 80?

    <p>1% decrease per year (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older people have a decrease in their ability to sustain changes in temperature due to loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely cause of a significant increase in blood pressure in older adults?

    <p>Environmental factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older persons perspire less and chill easily.

    <p>True (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the skin as a person ages?

    <p>It loses some elasticity and becomes wrinkled (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older people have a decrease in their ability to sustain changes in temperature due to loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue.

    <p>True (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Normal aging may compromise the skin's ability to maintain homeostasis.

    <p>True (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common myth about aging?

    <p>Older people are forgetful (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of increased life expectancy since 1900?

    <p>Decreased incidence of infectious diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the ethnic composition of the elderly population in the 21st century?

    <p>Asians have the longest life expectancy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Language barriers are not a major complication for the older, ethnically diverse population.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of elderly persons living in institutional settings according to the text?

    <p>11% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following states has the highest percentage of persons aged 65 or older according to the text?

    <p>Florida (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what are three demographic changes affecting the older population?

    <p>Increase in life expectancy, increase in chronic diseases, increase in healthcare access (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Normal aging may compromise the skin's ability to maintain homeostasis.

    <p>True (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the wear-and-tear theory, what causes cells to malfunction and cease functioning over time?

    <p>Free radicals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely cause of a significant increase in blood pressure in older adults?

    <p>Decreased cardiac output (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a physical sign of aging mentioned in the text?

    <p>Decreased body surface area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average rate of height loss per decade after age 30 according to the text?

    <p>1 centimeter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of loss of elasticity in blood vessels combined with the accumulation of collagen and lipofuscin?

    <p>Increased blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended use for celery seed according to the text?

    <p>Treating gout (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the immune-system-failure theory, why are elderly people more susceptible to infections?

    <p>The body's response to foreign invaders slows down (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the autoimmune theory, what happens to the immune system as an individual ages?

    <p>The immune system loses its ability to recognize its own tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the activity theory suggest about maintaining life satisfaction in old age?

    <p>Maintain a high level of social activity and involvement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the continuity-developmental theory, what determines whether a person remains active or disengaged from society?

    <p>Personality patterns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that cells have an internal clock that determines the length of one's life?

    <p>Clockwork Theory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that highly unstable molecules may cause mutations in chromosomes, leading to changes in cellular functions and breakdowns in the aging process?

    <p>Free-Radical Theory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that cells wear out and cease to function after repeated injury, due to the accumulation of metabolic waste products?

    <p>Wear-and-Tear Theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that the immune response declines with advancing age, leading to increased vulnerability to diseases?

    <p>Immune-System-Failure Theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of loss of elasticity in blood vessels combined with the accumulation of collagen and lipofuscin?

    <p>Increased blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age-related change in cardiac output between ages 20 and 80?

    <p>1% decrease per year (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The skin loses elasticity and becomes wrinkled as aging progresses.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Normal circulatory changes may delay wound healing.

    <p>True (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Normal aging may compromise the skin's ability to maintain homeostasis.

    <p>True (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older people have a decrease in their ability to sustain changes in temperature due to loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue.

    <p>True (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Soft or pureed foods can be substituted for foods of regular consistency if indicated.

    <p>True (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common myth about aging?

    <p>Older people need less sleep (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do older people commonly complain of being chilly?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and oil and sweat glands.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Normal aging may compromise the skin's ability to maintain homeostasis.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older people have a decrease in their ability to sustain changes in temperature due to loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Normal circulatory changes may delay wound healing.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older persons are more prone to skin breakdown following minor bruising or injury.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older people commonly complain of being chilly if they are seated near a window or draft.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older people perspire less and chill easily.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Soft or pureed foods can be substituted for foods of regular consistency if indicated.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older people commonly complain of being chilly.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Normal aging leads to a decrease in the number and function of sweat glands.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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