Understanding Disability and Prevention Concepts
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Understanding Disability and Prevention Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What does impairment refer to in the context of disability?

  • Socio-economic problems resulting from disability
  • Inability to fulfill socio-cultural roles
  • Inability to drive a vehicle
  • Restriction or loss of physiological and psychological functions (correct)

    • At which level does disability primarily occur according to the provided definitions?

  • Person (correct)
  • Tissue, organ or system
  • Community health
  • Society and social life

    • What is a common example of a handicap in the context of disability?

  • Inability to walk after a stroke
  • Joint movement limitation
  • Restricted walking of paraplegics due to architectural barriers (correct)
  • Decreased muscle strength

    • Which best describes the term 'prevention' in the narrow sense as mentioned?

    <p>Preventing the development of a pathological condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be considered an example of an impairment?

    <p>Limitations in joint movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of primary prevention?

    <p>To avoid the occurrence of disease situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention?

    <p>Early detection and treatment of risk factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is NOT typically considered in the context of primary prevention?

    <p>Close follow-up of patients with existing conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following health risks can influence disease occurrence throughout a person's life?

    <p>High blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach focuses on reducing disability-related complications?

    <p>Tertiary prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of intervention would be classified as tertiary prevention?

    <p>Offering rehabilitation services for stroke victims</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a characteristic of primary prevention?

    <p>It aims to reduce risk for the entire population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended safety measure for infants?

    <p>Ensure all dangerous materials and electrical appliances are out of reach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of secondary prevention?

    <p>To identify and treat conditions early to mitigate their impact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is specifically targeted by secondary prevention efforts?

    <p>Groups showing an increased vulnerability due to environmental factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the roles of genetic counseling within secondary prevention?

    <p>To detect congenital defects and genetic disorders using medical methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of tertiary prevention?

    <p>To foster independence and improve the quality of life for affected individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important aspect of care for pregnant and lactating mothers?

    <p>Using sterile techniques and promoting good hygiene practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is essential for immunization of pregnant mothers and newborns?

    <p>Administration of age-appropriate inactivated vaccines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can families do to reduce the chances of paralysis from polio where vaccination is ineffective?

    <p>Breastfeed their children as long as possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing effective vaccination programs?

    <p>Marketing strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does education play in vaccination programs?

    <p>It helps people understand the value of vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a component of postpartum care for mothers?

    <p>Providing adequate nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a challenge mentioned in the effective vaccination process?

    <p>Spoilage of vaccines due to poor cold chain management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of intervention is required for postpartum depression?

    <p>Emotional and psychological intervention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might some doctors misuse vaccines?

    <p>Due to ethical misconduct and lack of oversight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should lactating mothers avoid unless recommended by a physician?

    <p>Medication usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Understanding Disability

    • Impairment: Temporary or permanent loss or abnormality of physiological or psychological functioning.
    • Disability: Restriction or loss of ability to perform activities normally due to impairment.
    • Handicap: Restriction or inability to fulfill socio-cultural roles due to disability.

    Concept of Prevention

    • Prevention aims to reduce or eliminate the onset, causes, complications, or recurrence of disease or disability.
    • Broadly: It includes preventive measures that limit the progression of the disease at any stage of its course.
    • Risk Factors: High blood pressure, alcohol and tobacco overuse, being underweight, sanitation and precure hygiene, iron deficiency, unsafe water, and prenatal/perinatal factors.
    • Disability Risk Factors: Infections during pregnancy, traumatic or toxic exposure of the fetus, genetic or nutritional factors, injuries.

    Levels of Prevention

    • Primary Prevention: Aims to prevent the occurrence of disease situations using interventions.
      • Example: Immunization campaigns against communicable diseases.
    • Secondary Prevention: Aims to detect and treat conditions or pathologies early on to mitigate their impact.
      • Example: Mammograms to detect breast cancer.
    • Tertiary Prevention: Aims to limit or reverse the impact of existing deficiencies through rehabilitation programs to improve quality of life, promote mobility, and independence.
      • Example: Cardiac rehabilitation programs.

    Primary Prevention Examples

    • Care of Pregnant and Lactating Mothers: Sterile techniques, good hygiene, early detection and treatment of infections, adequate nutrition, avoiding medication unless prescribed, addressing postpartum depression.
    • Immunization: Administering licensed, recommended, age-appropriate inactivated vaccines to pregnant mothers and newborns.
    • Infant Safety Measures: Avoiding leaving infants in inappropriate or unsafe places, keeping dangerous materials, electrical appliances, and medicines out of reach.

    Secondary Prevention Examples

    • Genetic Counseling: Detecting congenital defects and genetic disorders for preventive purposes.
    • Adolescent Pregnancy: Pregnant teenagers, especially very young ones, are considered an “at-risk” group.
    • Social Environment Protection: Protecting children and youths from dangerous environments.

    Tertiary Prevention Examples

    • Biomedical Procedures: Effective treatment of conditions like hypothyroidism to prevent further complications.
    • Rehabilitation Programs: Improving quality of life, promoting mobility, and independence of individuals with disabilities.

    Preventing Disability

    • Poverty as a Contributing Factor: Poverty often leads to malnutrition, lack of access to healthcare, and exposure to toxic chemicals, all contributing to disability.
    • Primary Prevention: Immunization campaigns, prenatal and postnatal care, nutrition education, accident prevention programs, workplace adaptations to prevent accidents and occupational diseases, prevention of disabilities associated with environmental pollution or armed conflicts.
    • Secondary Prevention: Regular examinations and screenings, preventive measures like daily low-dose aspirin, appropriately modified work for injured workers.
    • Tertiary Prevention: Cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs, chronic disease management programs, support groups, vocational rehabilitation programs.

    Physical Activity and Disability

    • Sedentary behavior is linked to deconditioning and health risk for individuals with disabilities.
    • Individuals with disabilities are at a higher risk of obesity.
    • Adults with disabilities are less likely to engage in regular physical activity.

    Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus

    • Primary Prevention: Encourage healthy diet and exercise to prevent diabetes.
    • Secondary Prevention: Screenings to identify diabetes early for treatment before complications arise.
    • Tertiary Prevention: Medications to manage diabetes and reduce the severity of symptoms.

    Prevention of High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

    • Primary Prevention: Regular blood pressure measurement, healthy diet, physical activity, smoking and alcohol avoidance, and adequate sleep.

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    Related Documents

    Understanding of Disability 2024-2025 Fall Semester PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the definitions and concepts surrounding disability, impairment, and handicap. Additionally, it delves into the various levels of prevention aimed at reducing the onset and impact of disabilities. Discover important risk factors and prevention strategies in this insightful assessment.

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