Understanding Attributional Biases and the Power of Priming
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Questions and Answers

Which concept is explained as the tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal factors and our own behavior to situational factors?

  • Priming
  • Biases
  • Fundamental Attribution Error (correct)
  • Mental rules of thumb

    • What can trigger 'automatic processing' in our brains?

  • Information overload
  • Exposure to information (correct)
  • Social influence
  • Motivation and/or emotion

    • What are biases?

  • Deviation in judgment based on rational reasons
  • Deviation in judgment based on irrational reasons (correct)
  • Deviation in judgment based on illogical reasons
  • Deviation in judgment based on logical reasons

    • Which of the following is a mental shortcut used in making snap decisions without carefully considering all the information in a given situation?

    <p>Perceptual salience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the tendency to overestimate the role of internal factors and underestimate the role of situational factors when explaining other people's behavior?

    <p>Fundamental attribution error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a factor that influences the formation of our expectations and affects how we perceive behavior?

    <p>Primacy effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the process of assigning causes to explain behavior, where behavior is attributed to external causes?

    <p>Situational attributions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of research method involves observing phenomena in naturalistic environments and gathering detailed information about a small number of individuals?

    <p>Descriptive methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hunch or educated guess that is tested empirically called?

    <p>Hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of research method involves manipulating variables and establishing causation?

    <p>Experimental methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best way yet discovered for separating the truth from delusion?

    <p>The scientific method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the range of correlation coefficients?

    <p>0 to 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive correlation mean?

    <p>As one variable increases, the other variable also increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a negative correlation mean?

    <p>As one variable increases, the other variable decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, can correlational studies determine causation?

    <p>Correlational studies cannot determine causation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of research method involves observing people and systematically recording measurements of their behavior?

    <p>Observational methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of correlational methods?

    <p>To predict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a correlation coefficient?

    <p>A measure of the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a theory in psychological research?

    <p>An organized set of principles used to explain observed phenomena</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the purpose of the correlational method?

    <p>To understand the relationships between variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of correlation coefficients?

    <p>-1 to +1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main limitation of correlational studies?

    <p>They cannot determine causation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a confound in an experimental study?

    <p>An extraneous variable that can influence the relationship between two other variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable in a research study?

    <p>The level of stress experienced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of studying the effects of video games on aggression, which research method would involve observing children while they play video games and describing if they seem to be aggressive or not?

    <p>Observational method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of studying the effects of video games on aggression, which research method would involve measuring children's school behavior and asking teachers if they are aggressive or not, and whether or not they play video games?

    <p>Correlational method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of studying the effects of video games on aggression, which research method would involve manipulating the independent variable (video game playing) and assessing its impact on aggressiveness?

    <p>Experimental method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a core principle of research ethics in psychology?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of debriefing in a research study?

    <p>To explain the true purpose of the study to participants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ethical issues is associated with the use of deception in research?

    <p>Withholding hypotheses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a study conducted in a crowded bar, a social psychologist records the number of people who come into the bar alone and leave alone or with someone else. Is this study ethical?

    <p>Cannot decide based on the information provided</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the purpose of the correlational method?

    <p>To understand the relationships between variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a correlation coefficient of -0.8 indicate?

    <p>A strong negative correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a confound in the relationship between playing video games and aggressive behavior?

    <p>Aggressive personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main limitation of correlational studies?

    <p>They cannot determine cause and effect relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of psychological research method?

    <p>Observational</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of descriptive methods in psychological research?

    <p>To observe and record behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a correlation coefficient?

    <p>A measure of the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the scientific method in psychology?

    <p>To generate accurate knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

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