Understanding Internal and External Attribution
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Questions and Answers

What are the three types of information an individual considers when making an attribution according to the text?

  • Comparisons, contrasts, and observations
  • Observation, interaction, and evaluation
  • Analysis, synthesis, and evaluation
  • Consensus, Distinctive information, and Consistency (correct)

In the context of attribution, what does Consensus refer to?

  • The decision made by observers about the individual's behavior
  • How other people in the same situation behave (correct)
  • How the individual responds to a different stimulus
  • How frequently the individual's behavior can be observed with a similar stimulus in different situations

If an individual consistently performs a specific behavior with a similar stimulus but in different situations, what type of attribution might observers make?

  • Situational attribution
  • Internal attribution (correct)
  • External attribution
  • Behavioral attribution

What does the Three-Dimensional Model of Attribution suggest about an individual's attributions and perceptions?

<p>They determine the amount of effort put forth in similar situations in the future (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model suggests that positive feelings and high expectations of future success lead to increased willingness to approach similar tasks?

<p>Three-Dimensional Model of Attribution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of attributions in the text refers to the extent to which a cause is able or unable to be controlled?

<p>Controllability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of locus of control, how does an individual with an internal locus of control view the world?

<p>As capable of influencing what happens to them (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of attributions refers to whether a cause is stable (lasting) or unstable (changeable) over time?

<p>Stability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cultural factor values conformity, mutual support, and interdependence?

<p>Collectivist cultures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In attribution models, what does the term 'LSC' stand for?

<p>Locus of Stability Controllability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which attribution bias involves attributing internal factors for success and external factors for failure?

<p>Self-serving bias (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the actor-observer discrepancy refer to?

<p>Attributing external factors for one's own behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which attribution error involves over-valuing internal explanations and under-valuing external explanations for someone else's behavior?

<p>Fundamental attribution error (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In social psychology, what do internal attributions emphasize?

<p>Personality-based explanations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the covariation model and the actor-observer bias?

<p>Consideration of multiple observations over time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between internal and external attributions?

<p>Internal attributions emphasize personality-based explanations, while external attributions emphasize situational factors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a person aces a test, what might be an external attribution for the outcome?

<p>The person must have received extra help before the test. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model states that people attribute behavior to factors that co-vary with that behavior?

<p>Covariation model (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the covariation model, how do people make causal attributions?

<p>By assigning the cause of an action to the factor most closely associated with it. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the covariation principle assume about how people make causal attributions?

<p>They assign causes in a rational and logical fashion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When applying the covariation model to attribution, what do internal attributions focus on?

<p>Global causes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of attribution is likely to be made by someone with a pessimistic explanatory style towards a negative event?

<p>Internal, global, stable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In interpersonal attribution, what is the common tendency when explaining negative situations?

<p>Attributing it to the other person (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of attribution is predominant in the just-world hypothesis?

<p>Internal attribution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an optimistic explanatory style differ in attributing positive and negative events?

<p>Positive events are attributed to global causes while negative events are attributed to specific causes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do attribution theories explore?

<p>How individuals explain the causes of behaviors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to attribution theory, what are attributions classified as?

<p>Situational and dispositional (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the covariation model used for in attribution theory?

<p>Explaining behavior based on the consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus cues present (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In attribution theory, what influences whether an attribution is internal or external?

<p>The characteristics of the person being observed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do implicit personality theories relate to attribution in social psychology?

<p>They act as mental shortcuts in perceiving others, but may not always be accurate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In social psychology, what does the term 'social perception' refer to?

<p>Forming impressions of other people and understanding their intentions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key concept in Social Psychology as mentioned in the text?

<p>Persuasion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an individual attributes another person's behavior to their personality or disposition rather than situational factors, it is known as:

<p>Internal Attribution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bias involves attributing one's successes to internal factors while blaming failures on external factors?

<p>Self-Serving Bias (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Actor-Observer Discrepancy in attribution suggest?

<p>Actors tend to attribute others' behaviors to external factors while attributing their own behaviors to internal factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model proposes that an individual's attributions depend on three types of information: consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus?

<p>Covariation Model (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Person perception' in social psychology refers to:

<p>'Reading' the motives and characteristics of others based on preconceived notions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between internal and external attributions?

<p>Internal attributions focus on individual traits, while external attributions focus on situational factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Consensus' in the context of attribution refers to:

<p>'Agreeing' with others' interpretations of a situation or behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Fundamental Attribution Error' in social psychology refers to:

<p>'Overestimating' the influence of personal characteristics on others' actions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an individual with an external locus of control in attribution theory believe?

<p>They perceive the world as happening to people, outside of their control. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of attributions, what does stability refer to?

<p>Whether an attribution is lasting or changeable over time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of attributions under the LSC model?

<p>Controllability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do internal attributions differ from external attributions in social psychology?

<p>Internal attributions see individuals as active participants in the world. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of attribution models focuses on whether a cause is controllable or uncontrollable?

<p>Controllability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When applying the covariation model to attribution, what do external attributions focus on?

<p>How other people in the same situation behave (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In attribution theory, what aspect of behavior does distinctiveness refer to?

<p>How the individual responds to different stimuli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor plays a crucial role in determining whether an attribution is internal or external according to attribution models?

<p>How other people in the same situation behave (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an individual consistently behaves in a certain way with similar stimuli but in different situations, what type of attribution might observers make?

<p>Internal attribution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the covariation model suggest about determining causal attributions?

<p>Internal attributions are more likely when consistency is high and distinctiveness is low. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the covariation model of attribution emphasize?

<p>The factors that co-vary with behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of attribution, what is a common example of an external attribution?

<p>Considering extra help before a test as a cause of success (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do internal attributions differ from external attributions?

<p>Internal attributions focus on personality traits, while external attributions focus on situational factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of attribution is more likely according to the covariation model when a behavior is consistent across different situations?

<p>Internal attribution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main principle behind the covariation model of attribution?

<p>Causal attributions are based on factors that co-vary with behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the fundamental attribution error describe?

<p>The tendency to over-value internal explanations and under-value external explanations for another person's behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the actor-observer discrepancy in attributions about?

<p>Explaining our own behavior using internal attributions and others' behavior using external attributions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of attribution is more common in the just-world hypothesis?

<p>Internal attributions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do people make causal attributions according to the covariation model?

<p>By focusing on consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency information. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the self-serving bias in attribution refer to?

<p>Attributing success to internal causes and failure to external causes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When using the covariation model in attribution theory, what do external attributions focus on?

<p>Distinctiveness of the cause from other causes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of internal attributions in social psychology focuses on the belief that the cause is something within the person?

<p>Globality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In attribution models, what does the term 'LSI' typically refer to?

<p>Local, Stable, Internal causes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When applying the covariation model to attribution, what aspect do external attributions focus on?

<p>The specific situation at hand (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of attributions are more likely to be made according to the just-world hypothesis?

<p>Internal attributions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of attributions do individuals make when they explain the causes of their own and others' behaviors, according to attribution theory?

<p>Internal and external attributions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of attribution models, what does the term 'consensus' refer to?

<p>The extent to which different people agree about the behavior being observed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the covariation model, what three types of information do people use to make causal attributions?

<p>Consistency, distinctiveness, consensus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes internal attributions from external attributions in attribution theory?

<p>Internal attributions relate to stable traits, while external attributions are situational. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the covariation model aid in making causal attributions?

<p>By considering consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does social perception in social psychology primarily involve?

<p>Forming judgments and drawing conclusions about others (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to attribution theories, what is the main focus when individuals are making attributions?

<p>The causes of behavior, whether internal or external (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When applying the covariation model to attributions, what do external attributions focus on?

<p>Distinctiveness of the behavior in specific situations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of attribution models, what does consensus refer to?

<p>The agreement among observers about a person's behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes attributing someone's behavior to their personality rather than situational factors?

<p>Fundamental attribution error (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In social psychology, what aspect of attributions focuses on whether a cause is stable or unstable over time?

<p>Stability dimension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'LSC' in attribution models stands for:

<p>'Locomotion, Stability, Consensus' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Person perception' in social psychology primarily refers to:

<p>Forming judgments and conclusions about others (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Actor-Observer Discrepancy' in attribution theory suggests that:

<p>Actors tend to attribute behavior internally while observers focus externally (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Internal attributions' in social psychology primarily emphasize:

<p>'Personality traits' as a cause of behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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