COPY: COPY: Types of Human Tissues
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Questions and Answers

Which type of tissue is described as the cover of the exposed surface of the body and lines the digestive, respiratory, and reproductive systems?

  • Connective tissue
  • Nervous tissue
  • Muscular tissue
  • Epithelial tissue (correct)

    • What is the main characteristic of epithelial tissues in terms of blood vessels?

  • They have abundant blood vessels
  • They lack blood vessels (correct)
  • They have an irregular blood vessel distribution
  • Blood vessels are embedded within them

    • How do epithelial tissues obtain nutrients since they lack blood vessels?

  • Through diffusion and absorption from adjacent tissues (correct)
  • By consuming other nearby tissues
  • Direct absorption from the outside environment
  • By synthesizing their own nutrients

    • What interconnecting cell tightly binds together the cells of epithelial tissues?

    <p>'Cell Junction'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the base of epithelial tissues rest?

    <p>On a basal membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the ciliated columnar epithelial tissue found in the human body?

    <p>Fallopian tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelium appears to be stratified but consists of a single layer of irregularly shaped and differently sized columnar cells?

    <p>Pseudostratified columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of stratified squamous keratinized epithelium?

    <p>Prevents water loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is stratified cuboidal epithelium commonly found in the human body?

    <p>Duct of mammary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelium provides an expandable lining and prevents diffusion of contents in the urinary tract?

    <p>Transitional epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of cilia in the ciliated columnar epithelial tissue?

    <p>Remove particulates of matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of connective tissue in the body?

    <p>Support and binding of tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell gives rise to adult connective tissue?

    <p>Mesenchyme cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In connective tissue, what is the role of ground substances?

    <p>Act as glues for attaching other tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue type is described as 'calcified' due to deposited calcium salts?

    <p>Compact bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of tendons in the body?

    <p>Attach muscles to bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue type provides an insulating layer beneath the skin?

    <p>Adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the mesothelium in the body?

    <p>Secretion of lubricating fluid for body cavities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the simple columnar epithelium primarily found in the human body?

    <p>Sections of the digestive system and female reproductive tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells have cilia on their apical surfaces?

    <p>Simple columnar epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique characteristic of squamous cell nuclei in simple squamous epithelium?

    <p>Flat, horizontal, and elliptical, mirroring the form of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates simple squamous epithelial tissue from simple cuboidal epithelial tissue?

    <p>Flattened cells versus cube-shaped cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue from simple columnar epithelial tissue?

    <p>Single layer versus multiple layers of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of heparin in the body?

    <p>Prevents blood coagulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cartilage contains more collagen fibers than hyaline cartilage?

    <p>Fibrocartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process returns lymph to large veins near the heart?

    <p>Lymphatic vessel circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do osteoclasts contribute to bone health and structure?

    <p>Break down and reabsorb bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does lymph originate from before entering lymphoid vessels?

    <p>Interstitial fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue provides a framework for the body and supports surrounding tissues?

    <p>Supporting connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of adipose tissue is more abundant in children and produces more heat?

    <p>Brown adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of elastic fibers in the body?

    <p>To hold structures together like ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type plays a significant role in the wound healing process?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of reticular fibers in the body?

    <p>To support soft organs like the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are lymphocytes primarily found in the body?

    <p>In lymph nodes and spleen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of mast cells in connective tissue?

    <p>To release substances like Histamine when cells are injured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for inhibiting bone reabsorption and increasing renal excretion of calcium and phosphorus?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from decreased levels of Vitamin D in the body?

    <p>Osteomalacia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of adrenal glucocorticoids on bone metabolism?

    <p>Reduce organic matrix of bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is involved in increasing bone length and determining the amount of matrix formed before maturity?

    <p>Growth Balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does estrogen impact bone health?

    <p>Inhibits anabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone tissue contains large spaces filled with red and yellow marrow?

    <p>Spongy Cancelous Bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the haversian canal system?

    <p>Transport blood throughout the bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of calcitonin when serum calcium levels are increased?

    <p>Reduce serum calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Mesothelium primarily found in the human body?

    <p>Body cavities and internal organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which epithelial tissue is actively involved in absorption, secretion, and excretion of molecules?

    <p>Simple cuboidal epithelial tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the endothelium in the human body?

    <p>Absorption of oxygen into the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are ciliated columnar epithelial cells primarily found in the human body?

    <p>Digestive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing characteristic of pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue compared to simple columnar epithelial tissue?

    <p>Presence of cilia on apical surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial tissue allows for rapid passage of chemical compounds due to its thinness?

    <p>Simple squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the matrix in connective tissue?

    <p>Serves as a glue allowing other connective tissues to attach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue type is involved in providing a rigid support for the body?

    <p>Compact bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is loose connective tissue found and what are its functions?

    <p>Acts to absorb shock, binds tissues together, allows diffusion of nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates supportive connective tissue from fluid connective tissue?

    <p>Characterized by rigid or semi-rigid structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of connective tissue?

    <p>Hormone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes areolar tissue from adipose tissue?

    <p>Adipose tissue consists mostly of fat storage cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium in the respiratory tract?

    <p>Propelling mucus towards the throat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In stratified squamous keratinized epithelium, what is the function of keratinization?

    <p>To prevent water loss and protect underlying tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can stratified cuboidal epithelium be found in the human body?

    <p>Lining ducts of mammary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes stratified columnar epithelium from other types of stratified epithelium?

    <p>Cube-shaped basal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique feature of transitional epithelium allows it to adapt to changes in shape?

    <p>Variable layer thickness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of ciliated columnar epithelial tissue in the fallopian tubes and respiratory system?

    <p>Removal of particles via ciliary beating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of epithelial tissues in terms of blood vessels?

    <p>Lack blood vessels and absorb nutrients through diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the basement membrane in epithelial tissues?

    <p>Anchor epithelial tissues to adjacent tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do delicate epithelial tissues obtain nutrients since they lack blood vessels?

    <p>Through diffusion from the surrounding environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic contributes to the tightly bounded nature of cells in epithelial tissues?

    <p>Presence of specialized junctions between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the exposed surface of epithelial tissues from other regions?

    <p>Comprises interior, exterior, and base regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of nutrients for avascular epithelial tissues?

    <p>Diffusion and absorption through exposed surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of brown adipose tissue in the body?

    <p>Producing more energy and heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are phagocytic in nature and engulf cell debris, bacteria, and foreign bodies?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of reticular fibers in the body?

    <p>Providing structural support to organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of connective tissue cells anchor and support other cells by producing reticular fibers?

    <p>Fibroblast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes white adipose tissue from brown adipose tissue in terms of function?

    <p>White adipose tissue acts as a thermal insulator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of mast cells in connective tissue?

    <p>Releasing substances upon injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of histamine in the body?

    <p>Stimulating gastric juice secretion and involvement in allergies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue type provides a strong framework for the body?

    <p>Supporting connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of osteoclasts in bone metabolism?

    <p>Breaking down and reabsorbing bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cartilage resists compression and prevents bone-to-bone damage?

    <p>Fibro cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do lymphatic vessels return lymph in the body?

    <p>To large veins near the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of bones that provides protection and support to the body?

    <p>(Calcium and phosphorus)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of calcitonin when serum calcium levels are increased?

    <p>Inhibits bone reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from a decreased vitamin D level in the body?

    <p>Osteomalacia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of reticular fibers in the body?

    <p>Produce red and white blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the haversian canal system?

    <p>Provide nourishment to osteocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do estrogen levels impact bone health?

    <p>Inhibit PTH anabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates spongy cancellous bone from compact bone?

    <p>Has trabeculae filled with marrows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when growth balance hormones are increased during adulthood?

    <p>Acromegaly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of glucocorticoids on protein metabolism?

    <p>Increase catabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does exercise have on bones?

    <p>Increases red blood cell supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of calcitonin when the serum calcium level increases above normal?

    <p>Inhibits bone reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for increasing bone length and determining the amount of matrix formed before maturity?

    <p>Growth Balance Hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of glucocorticoids in bone metabolism?

    <p>Increase catabolism to reduce the organic matrix of bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do sex hormones, specifically estrogen, impact bone health?

    <p>Promote osteoblastic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to bone growth and development during periods of rest?

    <p>Recovery of full length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is involved in promoting osteoclastic activity to donate calcium to the blood when serum calcium is low?

    <p>Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vitamin D in the context of calcium and phosphorus absorption?

    <p>Promote intestinal absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When blood calcium levels decrease, what does the bone which stores calcium do in response to parathyroid hormone stimulation?

    <p>Releases calcium into the vascular system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of growth balance hormones secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?

    <p>Increase bone length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If serum levels of substances are altered, what works to maintain equilibrium in the body?

    <p>Several hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of osteoclasts in bone metabolism?

    <p>Break down and reabsorb bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are phagocytic in nature and engulf cell debris, bacteria, and foreign bodies?

    <p>Osteoclasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of adipose tissue is more abundant in children and produces more heat?

    <p>Brown adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes white adipose tissue from brown adipose tissue in terms of function?

    <p>White adipose tissue stores energy while brown adipose tissue produces heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for inhibiting bone reabsorption and increasing renal excretion of calcium and phosphorus?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does lymph originate from before entering lymphoid vessels?

    <p>Interstitial fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from a decreased vitamin D level in the body?

    <p>Decreased mineralization of bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the haversian canal system?

    <p>Supplies nutrients and removes waste from bone cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do estrogen levels impact bone health?

    <p>Estrogen maintains bone density by inhibiting bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What interconnecting cell tightly binds together the cells of epithelial tissues?

    <p>Osteocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of nervous tissue?

    <p>Excitability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main classes of cells that make up nervous tissue?

    <p>Neuron and Neuroglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus and mitochondria?

    <p>Soma (Cell body)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of neuroglia in nervous tissue?

    <p>Support neurons and modulate information propagation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure forms the organs of the nervous system along with nervous tissues?

    <p>Connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of tissue composition does nervous tissue represent in the human body?

    <p>~2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a neuron is responsible for generating an out-going signal or nerve impulse?

    <p>Axon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of dendritic spines in a neuron?

    <p>Provide locations for other neurons to communicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Schwann cells in the nervous system?

    <p>Produce myelin for axons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Node of Ranvier in the myelin sheath of an axon?

    <p>Essential for conduction of action potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do neurotransmitters, enzymes, and lysozymes travel along within a neuron?

    <p>Neurofilaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of kinesin and dynein in a neuron?

    <p>Transport materials within the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of gland releases secretions directly into surrounding tissues and fluids?

    <p>Endocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of exocrine gland releases its contents through a duct that leads to the epithelial surface?

    <p>Apocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of secretion involves the cell being destroyed as it releases its product, becoming part of the secretion?

    <p>Holocrine secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glands release contents into the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract, technically outside of the body?

    <p>Exocrine glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of merocrine secretion?

    <p>Vesicles release contents by exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are unicellular glands like goblet cells typically found?

    <p>Mucous membranes of the small and large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of exocrine gland develops from simple epithelium to form a secretory surface that releases directly into an inner cavity?

    <p>Serous gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Merocrine' secretion is where:

    <p>'Cell remains intact'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of exocrine glands in the human body?

    <p>Release substances into external environment through ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of gland produces and secretes sweat?

    <p>Merocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of synapse occurs between cells connected by gap junctions?

    <p>Electrical synapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of mucus membranes in the body?

    <p>Protection against pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of the epidermis?

    <p>Keratinized epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of membrane lines the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

    <p>Serous membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are synovial membranes primarily found in the body?

    <p>Around freely movable joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of synovial fluids secreted by synovial membranes?

    <p>Organ lubrication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tissue does not contain outer covers?

    <p>Synovial tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of cutaneous/skin membranes in the body?

    <p>Injury protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of connective tissue provides a framework for the body and supports surrounding tissues?

    <p>Dense irregular connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Mesothelium in serous membranes?

    <p>Secrete serous fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of neuroglia in nervous tissue?

    <p>Modulate information propagation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the receptors in complex sense organs, such as the ear and eye, located?

    <p>Nerves linking the nervous system with other systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus and mitochondria?

    <p>Soma (cell body)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of tissue composition that nervous tissue represents in the human body?

    <p>2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes neurons from neuroglia in nervous tissue?

    <p>Neurons initiate and transmit actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons?

    <p>Initiate and receive in-coming signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the neurofilaments and neurotubules in the perikaryon similar to?

    <p>Filaments and microtubules in other types of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the neuron is responsible for generating an action potential and conducting it to the next cell?

    <p>Axon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures provide locations for other neurons to communicate with the cell body?

    <p>Dendritic spines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Schwann cells in the nervous system?

    <p>Insulating axons by producing myelin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are neurotransmitter molecules stored within the neuron?

    <p>Synaptic knob vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of kinesin and dynein in a neuron?

    <p>Transporting materials along neurotubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of the myelin sheath?

    <p>It contains gaps known as Nodes of Ranvier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a synapse in a neuron?

    <p>Facilitating communication between neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Axosplasmic' movement refers to the transport of materials between:

    <p>'Dendrites' and 'cell body'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Node of Ranvier' gaps in the myelin sheath are essential for:

    <p>'Conduction' of action potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of a chemical synapse?

    <p>Using neurotransmitters to communicate messages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of membrane lines the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

    <p>Serous membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of mucus membranes in the body?

    <p>Acting as a barrier against pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which kind of tissue forms the membrane that lines the cavities of freely movable joints?

    <p>Synovial membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of mesothelium in serous membranes?

    <p>Secreting serous fluids for lubrication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial tissue makes up the mucus membranes of the intestines?

    <p>Non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of synovites in synovial membranes?

    <p>Secreting components of synovial fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of gland releases secretions directly into surrounding tissues and fluids?

    <p>Endocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of gland releases its contents through a duct that leads to the epithelial surface?

    <p>Merocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure made up of one or more cells modified to synthesize and secrete chemical substances?

    <p>Gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of secretion is the most common among exocrine glands?

    <p>Merocrine secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of secretion is the apical portion of the cell released along with secretory contents?

    <p>Apocrine secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glands produce and secrete sweat through merocrine secretion?

    <p>Eccrine glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do exocrine glands release their contents in the body?

    <p>Into cavities in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of epithelial tissue in the body?

    <p>Forming protective barriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial tissue would you expect to find lining the respiratory and digestive tracts?

    <p>Simple columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue type is responsible for providing cushioning and support for organs?

    <p>Adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes cuboidal epithelium compared to columnar epithelium?

    <p>Cuboidal cells are cube-shaped.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of connective tissue provides structural support to the body by forming tendons and ligaments?

    <p>Dense regular connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is stratified squamous epithelium primarily found in the human body?

    <p>Covering the skin and mucous membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue from simple columnar epithelial tissue?

    <p>Pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue consists of tall, columnar cells that appear stratified due to varying heights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is NOT attributed to connective tissue?

    <p>Oxygen transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is fluid connective tissue found in the human body?

    <p>Blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes fibrous connective tissue?

    <p>Fibrous connective tissue contains dense, collagen-rich extracellular matrix fibers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of specialized epithelial tissues?

    <p>Specialized epithelial tissues are adapted for specific functions like ciliated columnar epithelium and goblet cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of connective tissue in the human body?

    <p>Providing structure and stability by connecting organs and tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

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