40 Questions
What is the commonest type of cartilage found in the nose, larynx, trachea, and bronchi?
Hyaline Cartilage
What is the main function of perichondrium?
Harboring the vascular supply and nerves for the avascular cartilage
What is the type of collagen fiber found in Hyaline Cartilage?
Type II collagen
What is the role of chondroblasts in cartilage?
Giving rise to chondrocytes
Why does cartilage have poor healing after injury?
Due to its poor vascularity
What is the term for the lacuna surrounding a chondrocyte?
Matrix capsule
In what stage of life does hyaline cartilage form a temporary skeleton?
Embryonic stage
What is the term for the process of cartilage turning into bone?
Ossification
Which type of cartilage has a matrix that contains more elastic fibers and type II collagen fibers?
Elastic cartilage
What is unique about the location of fibro-cartilage?
It gets its nourishment from nearby tendons and ligaments
Which of the following is NOT a location of hyaline cartilage?
Inter-vertebral disks
What is the main difference between fibro-cartilage and other types of cartilage?
It does not possess perichondrium
Which type of cartilage is found in the external auditory meatus?
Elastic cartilage
What is the main component of the matrix in fibro-cartilage?
Type I collagen fibers
Which type of cartilage is found in the epiphyseal plate?
Hyaline cartilage (devoid of perichondrium)
What covers the outer surface of all bones, except at the joints of long bones?
Periosteum
What is the function of Sharpey's fibers?
To penetrate bone matrix and anchor the periosteum to the bone
What is the arrangement of bone lamellae around the Haversian canal?
Concentrically
What do Volkmann's canals connect?
Haversian canals to each other
What is the inner layer of the periosteum formed of?
Bone cell precursors
What is the function of the osteogenic layer?
To form bone cell precursors
What is the tissue that covers the inner surfaces of bones?
Endosteum
What is located in the lacunae?
Osteocytes
What type of cartilage covers the surfaces of bones that form movable joints?
Hyaline cartilage
What type of bone tissue contains red marrow?
Spongy bone
What is the name of the narrow portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis?
Metaphysis
What is the function of the growth plate?
To grow during childhood
What is the shape of the sternum?
Flat
What type of bone is the patella?
Sesamoid bone
What is the outermost layer of a bone?
Periosteum
What is the central cavity of a long bone filled with?
Yellow marrow
What type of collagen is characteristic of cartilage matrix?
Type II collagen
What is the layer of dense irregular connective tissue that envelops most cartilage?
Perichondrium
What type of cells arise from mesenchymal cells within the center of chondrification?
Chondroblasts
What do chondrocytes synthesize and secrete?
Fibers and ground substance
What is the shape of chondrocytes near the periphery of cartilage?
Ovoid
What is the location of the vascular supply and fibroblast-like stem cells?
Perichondrium
What is the characteristic of the nucleus of chondrocytes?
Large and eccentric
What is the component of cartilage that predominates and determines its mechanical properties?
Extracellular matrix
What is the component of cartilage that includes proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans?
Matrix
Learn about the histological classification of cartilage, including hyaline cartilage, and how they differ in appearance and mechanical properties. Understand the composition of their extracellular matrix and fiber types.
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