Histology: Cartilage Types and Characteristics
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of perichondrium?

  • To provide electrical impulses to the cartilage
  • To generate new cartilage cells
  • To provide flexibility to the cartilage
  • To supply cartilage with nutrition from its blood vessels by diffusion (correct)

Which type of cartilage is translucent grey blue in fresh state?

  • Hyaline cartilage (correct)
  • Elastic cartilage
  • White fibrocartilage
  • Fibrous cartilage

In which part of the body can elastic cartilage be found?

  • Epiphyseal plate of long bone
  • Costal cartilage of thoracic cage
  • Respiratory passages; nose, larynx, trachea, and bronchi (correct)
  • Articular surface of movable joints

Where is hyaline cartilage commonly found?

<p>Costal cartilage of thoracic cage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chondroblasts in hyaline cartilage?

<p>Producing extracellular matrix and fibers for appositional growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are chondroblasts located in hyaline cartilage?

<p>Inner layer of perichondrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the matrix of cartilage like?

<p>Firm (rigid, rubbery) matrix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chondrocytes in hyaline cartilage?

<p>Produce and maintain extracellular matrix and type II collagen fibers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are the fibers in the hyaline cartilage not observed by light microscopes?

<p>They have the same refractive index as the matrix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of hyaline cartilage matrix?

<p>Ground substance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chondrocytes in cartilage?

<p>Secreting the extracellular matrix components (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are chondrogenic cells primarily located in cartilage?

<p>Perichondrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is hyaline cartilage considered avascular?

<p>Due to the absence of blood vessels within the cartilage itself (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cartilage is commonly found in the respiratory passages and trachea?

<p>Hyaline cartilage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the perichondrium?

<p>Providing an attachment for muscles and ligaments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chondroblasts in hyaline cartilage?

<p>Synthesize extracellular matrix including type I, II collagen, and elastic fibers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are stellate or spindle shaped primitive mesenchymal cells (chondrogenic cells) located during chondrogenesis?

<p>Inside the inner cellular layer of perichondrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chondrocytes in hyaline cartilage?

<p>Produce and maintain extracellular matrix and type II collagen fibers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are chondroblasts located in hyaline cartilage?

<p>Inside the inner cellular layer of perichondrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of hyaline cartilage matrix?

<p>Ground substance between chondrocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Perichondrium function

Supplies cartilage with nutrients from blood vessels via diffusion.

Hyaline cartilage color

Translucent grey-blue in fresh state.

Elastic cartilage location

Respiratory passages like nose, larynx, trachea, and bronchi.

Hyaline cartilage location

Costal cartilage of thoracic cage.

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Chondroblasts' role

Build cartilage matrix for growth, including fibers.

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Chondroblast location

Inner layer of perichondrium.

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Cartilage matrix

A firm, rubbery, rigid material.

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Chondrocytes' role

Maintain and produce cartilage matrix, type II collagen.

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Cartilage fibers visibility

Light microscopes can't see the fibers, refractive index matches matrix.

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Hyaline matrix component

Primarily ground substance.

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Chondrocytes' main function

Secrete extracellular matrix components in cartilage.

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Chondrogenic cell location

Primarily in the perichondrium.

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Cartilage avascularity

No blood vessels inside the cartilage.

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Respiratory cartilage type

Hyaline cartilage.

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Perichondrium main function

Provides an attachment for muscles and ligaments to the cartilage.

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Advanced chondroblast function

Form the matrix including type I, II collagen, and elastic fibers

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Chondrogenic cell type

Stellate or spindle-shaped primitive mesenchymal cells

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location of chondrogenic cells during chondrogenesis

Inside inner cellular layer of perichondrium

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Chondrocyte primary function

Producing and maintain extracellular matrix and type II collagen fiber

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Chondroblast location in hyaline cartilage

Inside inner cellular layer of perichondrium

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Primary component of hyaline cartilage matrix

Ground substance between chondrocytes

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Study Notes

Cartilage Structure and Function

  • Perichondrium functions as a nutritive layer that supplies cartilage with oxygen and nutrients.

Types of Cartilage

  • Elastic cartilage is found in the external ear and the auditory tube.

Hyaline Cartilage

  • Hyaline cartilage is translucent grey-blue in its fresh state.
  • Hyaline cartilage is commonly found in the respiratory passages, trachea, bronchi, and in the articular cartilage of joints.
  • Chondroblasts in hyaline cartilage produce the cartilage matrix and are located in the perichondrium.
  • Chondrocytes are mature cartilage cells located within the cartilage matrix, and their primary function is to maintain the matrix.
  • The matrix of hyaline cartilage is composed of a gel-like substance with sparse, fine collagen type II fibers that are not visible under a light microscope.
  • The main component of hyaline cartilage matrix is chondroitin sulfate.

Chondrocytes and Chondroblasts

  • Chondrocytes are responsible for maintaining the cartilage matrix, responding to growth factors, and producing matrix components.
  • Chondrogenic cells, also known as stellate or spindle-shaped primitive mesenchymal cells, are located in the perichondrium during chondrogenesis and differentiate into chondroblasts.
  • Chondroblasts are located in the perichondrium and are responsible for producing the cartilage matrix.

Vascularization

  • Hyaline cartilage is considered avascular because it lacks a direct blood supply, relying on diffusion from surrounding tissues.

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Learn about the specialized form of dense connective tissue known as cartilage, its firm matrix, and its poor blood supply. Explore the types of cartilage, including hyaline, elastic, and white fibrocartilage.

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