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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the tissue fluid in the matrix of hyaline cartilage?
What is the primary function of the tissue fluid in the matrix of hyaline cartilage?
What is the characteristic of the matrix of hyaline cartilage?
What is the characteristic of the matrix of hyaline cartilage?
What type of cartilage is found in the fetal skeleton?
What type of cartilage is found in the fetal skeleton?
What is the function of the perichondrium?
What is the function of the perichondrium?
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What is the characteristic of cartilage that makes it rigid and flexible?
What is the characteristic of cartilage that makes it rigid and flexible?
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What is the main difference between hyaline cartilage and white fibrocartilage?
What is the main difference between hyaline cartilage and white fibrocartilage?
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What is the function of chondroblasts in cartilage?
What is the function of chondroblasts in cartilage?
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Where are chondrocytes typically found in cartilage?
Where are chondrocytes typically found in cartilage?
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What is the characteristic of white fibrocartilage?
What is the characteristic of white fibrocartilage?
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What is the function of perichondrium in cartilage?
What is the function of perichondrium in cartilage?
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What type of cartilage is found in the Eustachian tube?
What type of cartilage is found in the Eustachian tube?
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What is the difference between chondroblasts and chondrocytes?
What is the difference between chondroblasts and chondrocytes?
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Study Notes
Cartilage Structure and Types
- Cartilage is a type of connective tissue characterized by its rigid, rubbery matrix, which provides flexibility.
- It is formed of cells, fibers, and ground substance, and is non-vascular tissue.
Hyaline Cartilage
- Found in costal cartilages, fetal skeleton, articular discs, trachea, and bronchi.
- Structure consists of:
- Perichondrium: a connective tissue membrane with outer fibro-vascular layer and inner chondrogenic layer.
- Cells: chondroblasts and chondrocytes.
- Matrix: appears homogeneous and basophilic, containing tissue fluid, collagen type II, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid.
- Matrix functions:
- Allows passage of oxygen and nutrients due to tissue fluid (75%).
- Provides rigidity due to chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid.
- Perichondrium functions:
- Provides nutrition and oxygenation through diffusion from blood vessels.
- Attaches to muscles and tendons.
- Facilitates growth of cartilage and regeneration after injury.
Cartilage Cells
- Chondroblasts (chondrogenic cells):
- Found in inner chondrogenic layer of perichondrium.
- Oval-shaped cells with single, vesicular nucleus and basophilic cytoplasm.
- Functions: growth of cartilage, secretion of cartilage matrix, and healing after injury.
- Chondrocytes:
- Mature cells found deep in the matrix of cartilage.
- Found in lacunae, can divide and present in groups (cell nest).
- Functions: secretion of cartilage matrix.
Yellow Elastic Cartilage
- Found in ear pinna, external auditory meatus, and Eustachian tube.
- Structure similar to hyaline cartilage, but with yellow elastic fibers surrounding chondrocytes.
White Fibrocartilage
- A special type of cartilage modified to accommodate severe stresses and weight-bearing.
- Found in areas subjected to heavy pressure.
- Structure consists of:
- No perichondrium.
- Matrix contains parallel collagen fibers, separated by rows of chondrocytes.
- Penetrated by blood vessels.
- Functions: provides support and resistance to stress and pressure.
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Description
Test your knowledge of cartilage, a type of connective tissue, including its general structure, types, and functions. Compare and contrast the different types of cartilage, including hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage.
