Teamwork - Tuckman and Belbin
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes a Completer-finisher in a team setting?

  • Facilitates team cohesion
  • Highly creative and imaginative
  • Inquisitive and brings ideas back
  • Polishes and scrutinizes work for errors (correct)

A Specialist is known for a wide range of skills and knowledge in various areas.

False (B)

What is the primary role of a Co-ordinator in a team?

To focus on the team's objectives and delegate work appropriately.

The ___________ is a team role that is highly creative and unconventional.

<p>Plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following team roles with their descriptions:

<p>Teamworker = Facilitates team cohesion and maintains harmony Resource Investigator = Brings ideas back to the team and networks Monitor-Evaluator = Logical and strategic in decision-making Completer-finisher = Polishes work and ensures high standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles might be described as overly critical and slow to make decisions?

<p>Monitor-Evaluator (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A Teamworker may avoid confrontation and be indecisive under pressure.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one potential drawback of having a Resource Investigator in a team.

<p>They may be over-optimistic and forget to follow through.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the performing stage in Tuckman's model?

<p>Mutual task interaction with minimal emotional interference. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Implementor role is characterized by being dynamic and thrives under pressure.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the 'People focused' roles in Belbin's team roles?

<p>Collaboration and support among team members</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____ role in Belbin's team roles is known for being driven and courageous, helping to keep the team moving.

<p>Shaper</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following team roles with their characteristics:

<p>Shaper = Dynamic and courageous Implementor = Practical and reliable Plant = Creative problem-solver Monitor-evaluator = Critical and analytical</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a high-performing team according to the performing stage?

<p>Roles become dynamic and mutually accepted. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the performing stage, group cohesion is less important than individual performance.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the performing stage, what type of support do team members provide each other?

<p>Mutual evaluative support</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first stage of Tuckman's stages of team development?

<p>Forming (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 'Storming' stage, team members commonly show signs of unity and agreement.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two key characteristics of the 'Norming' stage in team development?

<p>Acceptance of idiosyncrasies and establishment of group boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Tuckman's model, the stage following 'Storming' is called _____

<p>Norming</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following behaviors are expected during the 'Forming' stage?

<p>Politeness and hesitation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 'Adjourning' stage is considered one of Tuckman's initial stages of team development.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify a challenge that can occur during the 'Storming' stage.

<p>Conflict or hostility among team members</p> Signup and view all the answers

Belbin's team roles help to identify individual _____ within a team.

<p>contributions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily drives the development of team cohesion during the 'Norming' stage?

<p>Shared goals and values (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the Tuckman stages with their key descriptions:

<p>Forming = Initial stage with politeness and dependency Storming = Conflict and competition among members Norming = Acceptance of group norms and unity Performing = High level of cooperation and productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Performing Stage

Team members take on roles that enhance group tasks. They understand roles and contribute to achieving goals.

The Shaper

This role is driven, focused, and keeps the team moving towards goals. They thrive under pressure, are courageous, and face challenges directly.

The Implementer

This role is practical and reliable. They focus on creating and implementing a working plan efficiently. They are good organizers and take action.

Forming

The first stage of Tuckman's Stages of Team Development, characterized by dependence on the leader and a focus on establishing rapport and understanding group dynamics.

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Storming

The second stage of Tuckman's Stages of Team Development, marked by conflict, tension, resistance to structure, and power struggles.

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Norming

The third stage characterized by acceptance of group norms, establishment of common goals, and increased communication.

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Performing

The fourth stage of Tuckman's Stages of Team Development, where the team is mature, highly collaborative, and focused on achieving the shared goal.

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Adjourning (Optional)

The final stage of Tuckman's Stages of Team Development, where the team completes its task and shifts focus to reflecting on its success and dissolving the team.

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The ‘Big Five’ Approach

The ‘Big Five’ is an approach in team formation that outlines five essential components for effective team performance. Each of these components is influenced and supported by three core co-ordinating mechanisms.

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Tuckman's Stages of Team Development

A model in team formation that describes the stages a team goes through as it develops: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning.

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Belbin Team Roles

A model that identifies nine team roles defined by distinct personality characteristics and behaviors that contribute to a balanced, effective team.

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Team Challenges

Challenges that can arise within a team, such as conflict, communication breakdowns, lack of clarity, and lack of motivation.

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Team Performance Assessment

Methods to assess team performance, including reviewing progress against goals, evaluating individual contributions, analyzing team dynamics, and gathering feedback.

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The Completer-Finisher

This person thrives on completing tasks, paying meticulous attention to detail and ensuring everything is flawless. They are known for their high standards and dedication to finishing work to perfection. While they are meticulous, they may also be anxious and reluctant to delegate, fearing the work won't meet their standards.

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The Plant

This team member is a creative powerhouse, constantly generating new ideas and approaches to solving problems. They are unconventional thinkers, often coming up with unique solutions. However, they can be easily distracted and might struggle with communicating their ideas effectively.

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The Monitor-Evaluator

This individual is the voice of reason, carefully analyzing all options before making a judgment. They are strategic thinkers, weighing the pros and cons of every course of action. But they can also be overly critical and slow to make decisions, sometimes lacking the drive of their peers.

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The Specialist

This team member is a deep well of knowledge in their chosen area. They are single-mindedly devoted to their field, contributing their expertise to the team. However, they can be focused on technical details and might struggle to see the bigger picture, potentially overwhelming others with information.

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The Teamworker

This person is the glue that holds the team together, fostering a positive and collaborative environment. They smoothly navigate conflicts and ensure everyone feels valued. While they are great at fostering harmony, they can struggle to make tough decisions under pressure.

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The Co-Ordinator

This team member takes the lead in setting objectives, empowering others, and assigning tasks based on individual strengths. They naturally step up to guide the team towards success. Yet, they can be prone to manipulating situations and potentially over-delegating, leaving themselves with minimal work.

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The Resource Investigator

This individual is a social butterfly, connecting with others and bringing valuable insights back to the team. They are outgoing and enthusiastic, constantly seeking new opportunities. However, they can be over-optimistic and struggle to follow through on commitments.

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The Teamworker

This team member has a knack for bringing people together. They focus on building positive relationships within the group, ensuring everyone feels included and valued. While their social skills are exceptional, they may sometimes struggle to make tough decisions, particularly when it involves confrontation.

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Study Notes

Tuckman's Stages of Team Development

  • Tuckman (1968) identified four stages of team development: Forming, Storming, Norming, and Performing.
  • A fifth stage, Adjourning, is sometimes added.

Forming

  • Members exhibit "dependent" behaviors, seeking guidance and direction
  • Discovery and conformity to acceptable actions by members of the group are observable.
  • Politeness, hesitation and initial adjustment characterize this phase.
  • Group norms and organizational structures are tested
  • Attempts to establish rapport.
  • Sometimes includes hostility, silence, and resistance.
  • Exploring task parameters and how to complete assigned tasks.
  • Informal discussions with colleagues and information exchange related to institutional contexts and team behavior.
  • Emergence of leadership and orientation is common.

Storming

  • Conflict, hostility, and division are common.
  • Individuality expressed and group structure met with resistance
  • Conflicts over moving forward into the unknown.
  • Regression to earlier stages of dependence.
  • Defensiveness, jealousy and competition also emerge.
  • Psychological withdrawal and friction among members is evident
  • Confrontations, disagreements and rule-breaking are common issues.
  • Structural breakdowns are possible with conflicting factions, anarchy, and clashes.
  • Some members become more active and more defensive while other members are more passive
  • Safety is often sought via defined structure and roles.
  • Power struggles are apparent with competing candidates for central figure positions.

Norming

  • Members accept the group and embrace fellow members idiosyncrasies.
  • There's a strong desire to maintain and develop a group.
  • Boundaries, common goals, and harmony are established.
  • Conflict amongst members is avoided with respect to the rules and procedures of the group.
  • Open communication and "patching-up" of differences is common.
  • Group values, self-revelation and feedback are prominent.
  • A climate of permissiveness, emotional support, cohesiveness and cooperation characterizes this phase.
  • Re-organization and repair are focused upon.
  • Smooth interpersonal relations and a mutual support system emerge.
  • Goal-oriented leadership characteristics begin to arise.
  • Members feel comfortable communicating with each other openly and honestly.
  • Emotional complexities do exist, but they now fuel productive discussions.

Performing

  • Roles within the group are established.
  • Members function together as a problem-solving entity and as a cohesive whole.
  • Minimal emotional interference is observed..
  • Mutual task participation with little conflict is evident.
  • Analysis, understanding and insight are important components of productive interaction.
  • Social components help rather than hinder shared tasks.
  • Cohesive mechanisms for resolving problems effectively are in place.
  • Strong, but adaptable group norms are prevalent.
  • Mutually respectful evaluative support, efficient collaborations and consensual validation are commonplace.
  • Accepting the group's structure and roles.

Belbin Team Roles

  • Action-focused roles: Shaper, Implementer, Completer-finisher

  • Thought-focused roles: Plant, Monitor-Evaluator, Specialist

  • People-focused roles: Teamworker, Coordinator, Resource Investigator

  • Shaper: Driven, focused, dynamic, thrives under pressure, often challenging and provocative

  • Implementer: Practical, reliable, good at planning and implementing plans efficiently. May be inflexible

  • Completer-finisher: Detail-oriented, ensuring high quality and standards, perfectionist, tends to worry

  • Plant: Highly creative, imaginative, free-thinking solution innovator. May be preoccupied

  • Monitor-Evaluator: Logical, impartial, strategic, slow to decisions. May lack drive

  • Specialist: In-depth knowledge and skills in a particular area, often single-minded, dedicated and driven. May offer too much detail.

  • Teamworker: Facilitates cohesion, versatile, cooperative and perceptive. Avoids confrontations

  • Coordinator: Focuses on team objectives, delegates effectively, mature, confident and goal-oriented. May manipulate or over-delegate.

  • Resource Investigator: Inquisitive, outgoing and enthusiastic. Brings new ideas, promotes networks, and may forget follow-through.

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