Trematoda: Flukes Anatomy and Life Cycle
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Trematoda: Flukes Anatomy and Life Cycle

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Questions and Answers

What is a defining characteristic of trematodes in terms of their body structure?

  • Their body is unsegmented and leaf-shaped. (correct)
  • Their body is cylindrical and elongated.
  • They have a segmented body.
  • They possess respiratory organs.

    • What type of organs do trematodes use for attachment?

  • Oral and ventral suckers. (correct)
  • Adhesive pads.
  • Claws and jaws.
  • Tentacles and fins.

    • Which of the following statements about trematode eggs is accurate?

  • They are segmented and colorful.
  • They are larger than 200 um in size.
  • They are hermaphroditic and contain mature larvae.
  • They are operculated and need water to develop. (correct)

    • What is the primary role of the muscular pharynx in trematodes?

    <p>To pump food into the digestive system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature distinguishes schistosomes from other trematodes?

    <p>Their eggs are not operculated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the tegument in trematodes?

    <p>It protects against digestive enzymes and aids in gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of trematodes is true regarding their reproductive strategy?

    <p>Most are hermaphrodites with both male and female organ systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which host does the adult stage of trematodes typically develop?

    <p>Definitive host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Trematoda

    • Flukes
    • Tough outer layer, called a tegument, protects against digestive enzymes and allows for gas exchange
    • Unsegmented body
    • Flattened, leaf-shaped body, except for schistosomes which are cylindrical
    • Organs of attachment: Oral sucker around the mouth, Ventral sucker on the underside of the body

    Anatomy

    • No respiratory organs
    • Mouth connects to a muscular pharynx, then a short esophagus (except in schistosomes, which lack a pharynx)
    • No anus, waste is egested through the mouth
    • Eggs are operculated (have a lid), except for schistosomes
    • Excretory system present in some species, consists of proton ephridia
    • Nervous system consists of a pair of ganglia in the head region connected to nerve cords
    • No specialized sense organs
    • Most are hermaphrodites (both male and female reproductive organs present in one worm)

    Life Cycle

    • Adult stage lives in the definitive host
    • Intermediate hosts are required for asexual reproduction
    • Intermediate hosts undergo the following stages: miracidium - sporocyst - daughter sporocyst - redia - cercariae
    • Eggs require water and snails to complete their life cycle

    Fasciola

    • Fasciola gigantica is one species
    • Fasciola hepatica is another species
    • Egg:
      • 150 x 90 µm
      • Ovoid shape
      • Thin, operculated shell
      • Yellowish-brown color due to bile staining
      • Contains immature embryonic cells

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    Introduction of Trematodes PDF

    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of Trematoda, commonly known as flukes. This quiz delves into their unique anatomical features, reproductive strategies, and life cycles. Test your knowledge on their morphology, physiology, and ecological roles.

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