20 Questions
What characteristic is associated with Indigenous Knowledge according to the text?
Stability and accumulation over time
How is Indigenous Knowledge transmitted according to the text?
Through oral tradition across generations
What role does the Authority System play in governing Indigenous Knowledge?
It governs resource use with rules like respect and obligation to share
According to the text, what is a significant challenge faced by Indigenous people in communicating traditional knowledge?
Misinterpretation due to richness and subtlety of traditional understanding
What does Indigenous Knowledge encompass according to the text?
All forms of knowledge, technologies, skills, practices, and beliefs aiding stable livelihoods
What is the scope of traditional knowledge?
Refers to knowledge, innovations, and practices of indigenous and local communities globally
How is traditional knowledge transmitted?
Orally passed down from generation to generation
What does WIPO's definition of traditional knowledge include?
Indigenous knowledge in areas like agriculture, medicine, biodiversity, and expressions of folklore
According to native people's definition, what does traditional knowledge encompass?
Teachings and experiences passed down, encompassing environmental knowledge, weather, resources, and relationships between things
What forms does traditional knowledge encompass?
Collective ownership encompassing stories, songs, folklore, proverbs, cultural values, rituals, community laws, local language, and agricultural practices
What percentage of India is covered by forests?
23%
When was the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act enacted?
2006
What is the main empowerment for recognition initiation granted by the act?
Gram Sabha
What were the 2013 highlights with regards to claims and land titles?
3.3 million claims; 40% resulted in land titles
What is cited as one of the key challenges in the implementation of the act?
Awareness gaps among bureaucrats
What is the purpose of the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Act (PPVFR) in India?
To provide legal protection through Plant Breeder's Rights and stimulate agricultural development
What is one of the criteria for the protection of plant varieties under the PPVFR Act?
Distinct, uniform, stable
What are the objectives of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002?
Conservation of biological resources, sustainable management, fair and equitable benefit sharing
Who can apply for plant variety protection under the PPVFR Act?
Breeder, successor, assignee, farmer, university
What does the term 'Biological Resources' include as per the Biological Diversity Act?
Plants, animals, micro-organisms, genetic material, and by-products
Study Notes
Indigenous Knowledge and Traditional Knowledge
- Indigenous Knowledge is associated with the characteristic of being holistic and interconnected.
- Indigenous Knowledge is transmitted through oral traditions, stories, and cultural practices.
Authority System and Indigenous Knowledge
- The Authority System plays a role in governing Indigenous Knowledge by recognizing the authority of indigenous peoples to manage and control their knowledge.
Challenges in Communicating Traditional Knowledge
- A significant challenge faced by Indigenous people in communicating traditional knowledge is the threat of misappropriation and exploitation.
Scope of Traditional Knowledge
- Traditional knowledge encompasses the knowledge, innovations, and practices of indigenous and local communities.
- The scope of traditional knowledge includes agricultural practices, forest management, and traditional medicine.
Transmission of Traditional Knowledge
- Traditional knowledge is transmitted through generations by word of mouth, stories, and cultural practices.
WIPO's Definition of Traditional Knowledge
- WIPO's definition of traditional knowledge includes knowledge, innovations, and cultural expressions of indigenous and local communities.
Native People's Definition of Traditional Knowledge
- According to native people's definition, traditional knowledge encompasses the cultural, spiritual, and traditional practices of indigenous peoples.
Forms of Traditional Knowledge
- Traditional knowledge encompasses various forms, including music, dance, art, literature, and folklore.
Forest Coverage in India
- Approximately 22.5% of India is covered by forests.
Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers Act
- The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act was enacted in 2006.
- The main empowerment granted by the act is the recognition of the right to forestland and resources for tribal communities.
Highlights of the Act (2013)
- In 2013, 144,183 claims were received, and 44,133 titles were distributed.
Challenges in Implementing the Act
- One of the key challenges cited in the implementation of the act is the lack of awareness among forest dwelling communities.
Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Act (PPVFR)
- The purpose of the PPVFR Act is to protect the rights of farmers and plant breeders.
- One of the criteria for the protection of plant varieties under the PPVFR Act is the novelty of the variety.
Biological Diversity Act, 2002
- The objectives of the Biological Diversity Act include the conservation of biological resources, sustainable use of biological resources, and fair and equitable sharing of benefits.
- Biological resources, as per the Biological Diversity Act, include plants, animals, and microorganisms.
Prepare for your exam on traditional knowledge, its definition, and native perspectives with these comprehensive notes covering the scope, development, forms, and transmission of traditional knowledge. Gain a deep understanding of the knowledge, innovations, and practices of indigenous and local communities globally.
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