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Toxicant Distribution and Excretion in the Human Body
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Toxicant Distribution and Excretion in the Human Body

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Questions and Answers

Where are most toxicants deposited in the body due to their high capacity for binding various chemicals?

  • Brain
  • Lungs
  • Liver and Kidneys (correct)
  • Muscles
  • Which region of the lungs is mainly responsible for clearing particles sized 2 to 5 m?

  • Tracheobronchiolar regions (correct)
  • Trachea
  • Alveolar sacs
  • Bronchi
  • What is the main barrier for dermal absorption of chemicals?

  • Sweat glands
  • Dermis
  • Sebaceous glands
  • Stratum corneum (correct)
  • Which type of excretion involves the scavenging of toxicants by alveolar macrophages followed by absorption into blood or clearance through lymphatics?

    <p>Excretion via skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ has a relatively good barrier function due to skin not being very permeable?

    <p>Skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main route through which particles sized 2 to 5 m are cleared from the tracheobronchiolar regions of the lungs?

    <p>Lymphatic clearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissue acts as a site where most toxicants preferentially stay due to their storage capacity?

    <p>Fat (adipose tissue)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer serves as a barrier in dermal absorption that chemicals must pass through before entering blood and lymph capillaries?

    <p>Epidermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Absorption via skin' primarily involves the passage of toxicants through which layer, known for its passive diffusion process?

    <p>Stratum corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport process involves carrier-mediated transport that exhibits properties of active transport but does not require energy input?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main barrier for absorption of toxicants through the skin?

    <p>Stratum corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do most toxicants preferentially stay in the body due to their storage capacity?

    <p>Adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the body is known for bone storage of toxicants due to its high binding capacity?

    <p>Femurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of delivery system involves interaction with cell membranes and different types of barriers to reach target tissues?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does absorption of toxicants mainly occur in the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which size of particles is usually deposited in the nasopharyngeal region?

    <p>5 μm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily affects the absorption of aerosols and particles via the lungs?

    <p>Water solubility and size of aerosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ has specialized transport systems for the absorption of nutrients and electrolytes?

    <p>Small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the nose when it comes to absorption via lungs of highly reactive gases?

    <p>Scrubbing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer acts as a barrier in dermal absorption protecting against the entry of chemicals into blood capillaries?

    <p>Stratum corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissue has a high capacity for binding a multitude of chemicals, concentrating more toxicants than all other organs combined?

    <p>Adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main barrier for chemicals in the dermal absorption process due to its rate-determining function?

    <p>Stratum corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is known for its high capacity to bind a large number of different chemical compounds through interactions involving hydrophobic forces, hydrogen bonding, and Van der Waals forces?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Through which process do particles sized 1 μm and smaller penetrate into the alveolar sacs of the lungs?

    <p>Passive diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route through which toxicants are absorbed via skin before entering blood and lymph capillaries?

    <p>Epidermis layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do toxicants like to stay primarily due to their storage capacity?

    <p>Bone tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

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