17 Questions
Which region of the body allows for the most rapid transdermal absorption due to the thinness of the stratum corneum?
Scrotum
What is the precursor to vitamin D3 that is converted in the skin upon exposure to ultraviolet rays?
7-dehydrocholesterol
Individuals who avoid sun exposure or live in colder climates may require vitamin D supplements to prevent which condition?
Rickets
What is the active form of vitamin D that stimulates the small intestine to absorb calcium and phosphate?
Calcitriol
Which process is enhanced by vitamin D and involves increased production of antimicrobial substances in phagocytes?
Immune response
In the kidneys, what converts 25-hydroxycholecalciferol into calcitriol, the most active form of vitamin D?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
How does the skin help reduce water loss?
By acting as a barrier to the diffusion of water through lipids
Which of the following is NOT a function of melanin in the skin?
Promotes wound healing processes
What is the primary role of sebum released by sebaceous glands?
To protect against harmful microbes and dryness
How does the acidic pH of perspiration contribute to skin protection?
It retards the growth of some microbes
Which cells within the skin have immunological functions related to microbial defense?
Intraepidermal macrophages
How do blood vessels in the dermis contribute to overall body temperature regulation?
By constricting to conserve heat
How does the skin contribute to thermoregulation?
By liberating sweat at the skin's surface and adjusting blood flow in the dermis
Which type of skin has a thicker epidermis and is more associated with thermoregulation?
Thick skin
Which of the following is a function of eccrine sweat glands in thermoregulation?
Evaporation of sweat for cooling
What role do blood vessels in the dermis play in response to high environmental temperature?
They dilate to increase heat loss
What local variations are related to the skin's vascularity?
Pigmentation and innervation
Test your knowledge on toxic materials that can be absorbed through the skin, including organic solvents, salts of heavy metals, and substances in poison ivy and poison oak. Learn about transdermal drug administration and how drugs pass through the skin barrier.
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