Tissues and Sesamoid Bones Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of sesamoid bones in the body?

To increase the range of motion of joints

To store fatty acids in bone marrow

To aid in the detoxification of heavy metals

To protect tendons from wear or stress (correct)

Which of the following best describes one of the functions of bones?

Transport oxygen throughout the body

Absorb and store heavy metals from blood (correct)

Regulate blood pressure during rest

Increase the flexibility of joints

Which of these minerals is primarily stored in bones?

Iron

Potassium

Calcium (correct)

Sodium

How do bones contribute to movement in the body?

By anchoring muscles to facilitate joint action Signup and view all the answers

What process do bones undergo to raise or lower calcium levels in the blood?

Resorption or formation of bone Signup and view all the answers

What vital organ is protected by the skeletal system?

Heart Signup and view all the answers

What type of blood cells are developed in bone marrow?

Both red and white blood cells along with platelets Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of bones?

Facilitating communication between brain and body Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process that begins embryonic skeletal development?

Endochondral ossification Signup and view all the answers

At what age is bone development typically considered complete?

25 years Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ossification transforms fibrous membranes into bone?

Intramembranous ossification Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of bone structure is compact bone?

80% Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the skeleton is primarily formed through endochondral ossification?

Long bones Signup and view all the answers

Which tissue primarily forms the precursor for intramembranous ossification?

Fibrous membranes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cancellous bone?

Facilitate blood cell production Signup and view all the answers

How does endochondral ossification occur?

Through a cartilage model Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of bone ossification during development?

To form and harden the skeleton Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the growth of the embryonic skeleton?

Development of cartilage Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step that occurs after blood vessels rupture during bone healing?

Clot formation Signup and view all the answers

Which cells primarily contribute to the formation of a soft callus during the bone healing process?

WBCs and fibroblasts Signup and view all the answers

During which stage does the soft callus become mineralized?

After 2 to 12 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What combination of elements causes the soft callus to harden during the healing process?

Calcium and phosphate Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are involved in laying down the cartilage during the bone healing process?

Chondrocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osteoclasts?

To engulf bone tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which component makes up the largest percentage of fully developed bone?

Inorganic material Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about bone tissue is true?

Bone tissue has a large capacity for growth in early life. Signup and view all the answers

What role do osteoblasts play in bone maintenance?

They are responsible for bone formation. Signup and view all the answers

How often does the body destroy old red blood cells through bone activity?

Every second Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue is bone classified as?

Vascular tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a component of bone?

Red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of collagen in bone?

To provide flexibility and strength Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of fully developed bone in terms of water percentage?

30-40% Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the balance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity?

It maintains bone mineral density. Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell produces osteoid which is later mineralized to create bone?

Osteoblasts Signup and view all the answers

What are osteoclasts primarily responsible for in bone structure?

Reabsorbing bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osteocytes?

Facilitate communication within bone Signup and view all the answers

During ossification, where does bone formation start?

Around the epiphyseal plate Signup and view all the answers

What happens to active osteoblasts during bone development?

They become trapped in lacunae Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cranial sutures in bone structure?

They are the lines where bones meet. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone cells are known for repairing old bone?

Osteoblastic cells Signup and view all the answers

What occurs throughout a person's life regarding bone structure?

Both osteoblasts and osteoclasts are active. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of immature bone cells?

They are trapped in lacunae. Signup and view all the answers

Which structure does cartilage transition to during bone development?

Immature bone Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Tissues

Sesamoid Bones: Small bones embedded in tendons, typically located near joints; an example is the patella (knee cap).
Function: Protect tendons from wear and stress.
Calcium Balance: Bones regulate blood calcium levels by forming bone (increasing calcium) or undergoing resorption (decreasing calcium).

Functions of Bone

Protection: Safeguard vital organs like the heart and brain, preventing damage.
Shape: Provide a framework that supports the body structure; bones work with joints, ligaments, tendons, and muscles for movement.
Movement: Depend on muscles anchoring to bones for mobility.
Blood Production: House the development of red and white blood cells, producing platelets; the bone marrow destroys old or defective red blood cells.
Mineral Storage: Serve as reservoirs for minerals (calcium, phosphorus) and store fatty acids in bone marrow.
Endocrine Function: Produce precursors for hormones that influence growth and brain development.

Bone Development

Ossification: Bone formation begins before birth; complete by roughly age 25.
Types of Ossification:
- Intramembranous Ossification: Forms flat bones, such as in the skull, starting from a fibrous membrane.
- Endochondral Ossification: Replaces cartilage with bone.

Bone Structure and Composition

Types of Bone:
- Compact Bone: Accounts for approximately 80% of bone mass.
- Cancellous Bone: More porous, found at the ends of long bones.
Cells in Bone:
- Osteoblasts: Responsible for forming new bone; produce osteoid, which mineralizes to become bone.
- Osteocytes: Mature bone cells that facilitate communication within bone tissue and originate from trapped osteoblasts.
- Osteoclasts: Cells that break down bone, releasing enzymes and acids to remodel injured bone; maintain the optimal shape of bone.
Mineral Composition:
- Inorganic Material: Contains 40-50% calcium phosphate.
- Organic Material: Contains 30-40% collagen.
- Water Content: Comprises about 20%.

Bone Healing Process

Stages:
- Formation of a haematoma after injury.
- Development of a soft callus, where osteoblasts lay down osteoid and chondrocytes contribute cartilage.
- The soft callus mineralizes as calcium and phosphate harden it.
Healing duration: Soft callus becomes hard in about 2-12 weeks.

Additional Notes

Bone is a vascular tissue, exhibiting significant growth capacity especially in the first two decades of life.
Bone remodeling and regeneration occur throughout life, crucial for maintaining bone health and integrity.

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Description

Test your knowledge on tissues and the role of sesamoid bones. This quiz covers the structure of sesamoid bones, their functions around joints, and their importance in protecting tendons from stress. Additionally, explore how they relate to calcium balance in the body.